1 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wer hat Euch beigebracht Eure Hautfarbe zu hassen? 2 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wer hat Euch beigebracht die Beschaffenheit Eurer Haare zu hassen? 3 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wer hat Euch beigebracht die Form Eurer Nase zu hassen? Und die Form Eurer Lippen? 4 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wer hat Euch beigebracht Euch selbst von Kopf bis Fuss zu hassen? 5 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wer hat Euch beigebracht Euer eigenes Volk zu hassen? 6 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wer hat Euch beigebracht die Rasse der Ihr angehöft zu hassen? 7 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und zwar so sehr, dass Ihr nicht unter Euer Gleichen sein wollt? 8 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Bevor ihr fragt, ob Mr. Muhammad Hass lehrt, solltet Ihr Euch fragen 9 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 wer Euch beigebracht hat das zu hassen, was Gott aus Euch gemacht hat. 10 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Die meisten von uns Schwarzen, oder "Negros" wie sie uns nannten, glaubten wirklich wir wären frei. 11 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ohne zu merken, dass in unserem Unterbewusstsein die Ketten die wir los zu sein glaubten, immer noch da waren. 12 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Das Bedürfnis vom Weissen Mann anerkannt zu werden trieb uns in viellerlei Hinsicht an. 13 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm wollte diese Wahrnehmung der Minderwertigkeit bekämpfen. 14 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er wusste, dass es mühevoll sein würde und dass manche Leute einen töten würden um das zu verhindern, 15 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 aber er wagte es dieses Risiko auf sich zu nehmen. 16 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er sagte etwas, das über Jenes was andere Anführer zu jener Zeit meinten hinausging. 17 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Während die anderen Anführer um Einlass in das Haus ihrer Unterdrücker bettelten, sagte er dir ein eigenes Haus zu bauen. 18 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er vertrieb die Furcht der Afro-Amerikaner und sagte: "Ich werde laut aussprechen was wir uns denken." 19 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ihr werdet sehen, die Leute werden davon hören und uns nicht unbedingt was antun. 20 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Aber ich spreche nicht für die Massen." 21 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er sagte das auf eine starke, männliche Art die aussagte: 22 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Ich habe keine Angst davor das auszusprechen was wir uns all die Jahre nur gedacht haben." 23 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Deshalb liebten wir ihn. Er sagte es offen, nicht hinter verschlossenen Türen. 24 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er hat sich für uns mit Amerika angelegt. 25 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und ich jedenfalls, als Muslim, glaube, dass der Weisse Mann klug genug ist. 26 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wenn wir ihm verständlich machen könnten was die Schwarzen wirklich denken 27 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 und wie satt wir es haben, ganz ohne kontraproduktiven Schmeicheleien. 28 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Nun, ihr macht es euch ja selbst schwer. 29 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Der Weisse Mann glaubt Euch die Schmeicheleien, weil ihr ihm schmeichelt seit er Euch hierhergebracht hat. 30 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Hört auf damit. 31 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Sagt ihm was Ihr denkt! Sagt ihm in welcher Hölle Ihr euch befindet. 32 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Dass er kein Haus haben sollte, wenn er es nicht in Ordnung bringen kann. 33 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Es sollte Feuer fangen und verbrennen. 34 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Schon fast das ganze Jahrhundert haben die Schwarzen in diesen Strassen in Harlem ihre Kultur gefeiert. 35 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 und die Rassenfrage in Amerika diskutiert. 36 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Hier reihte sich Malcolm zum ersten Mal bei den Strassen-Rednern ein, die den Hoffnungen und dem Zorn von Harlem eine Stimme liehen. 37 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ich lehrte Nationalismus und will raus aus dem Land des Weissen Mannes, 38 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 denn Integration wird nie stattfinden. 39 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 So lange Ihr lebt werdet Ihr euch nicht ins System des Weissen Mannes integrieren können! 40 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 125te Strasse und 7te Avenue. was das Zentrum der Aktivitäten der Strassen-Redner. << 41 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Als Malcolm dazu stiess hatte er eigentlich keinen Standort. 42 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Also etablierte er seinen Platz vor dem Buchgeschäft von Elder Michaux. 43 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Als Malcolm die kleine Plattform bestieg, kam er für die ersten vier oder fünf Minuten gar nicht zum sprechen. 44 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und dann öffnete er seinen Mund << 45 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Man nennt Mr. Muhammad Hassprediger, weil er Euch dazu bringt Drogen und Alkohol zu hassen. 46 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Man nennt Mr. Muhammad Rassist, weil er uns nicht nur lehrt, dass wir so gut wie der Weisse Mann sind, sondern besser. 47 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ihr seid besser als der Weisse Mann! 48 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Aber das heisst nicht unbedingt viel. Wir wissen ja, dass wir besser sind als er. 49 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Was ist er schon für ein Vergleich? Seht Euch seine Haut an. Verglichen mit seiner sieht Eure Haut wie Gold aus. 50 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Es gab eine Zeit in der wir begeistert von den Weissen waren. << 51 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wir dachten, sie wären schön, weil wir blind und dumm waren. 52 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wir konnten nicht Ihr wahres Gesicht erkennen. 53 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Seit der ehrenwerte Elijah Muhammad uns den Islam nähergebracht und uns gezeigt hat wie wir uns bessern können, 54 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 sehen wir diese alte, blasse Gestalt genau so wie sie ist. Alt und blass. 55 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Diese Ansprache zeigte mir, dass es kein zurück gab, wenn man ihn erst einmal reden gehört hat. 56 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Selbst wenn man seine Meinung nicht änderte, musste man Sie überdenken. 57 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Hier in unseren nördlicheren Städten waren wir es nicht gewohnt gesagt zu bekommen, dass wir Teufel und Unterdrücker waren 58 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er sprach für eine leise Masse schwarzer Menschen. 59 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und zwar ganz offen über die eigenen Sender der Teufel. 60 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und das war eine Kriegshandlung. 61 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Als er die Bühne verließ, stieg ich von der --> Insel<--?? und ging zu ihm. 62 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Als ich ihn erreichte stellten sich Bodyguards in den Weg und er schiebt sie an die Seite. 63 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ich stellte mich vor ihn und streckte meine Hand aus und sagte: 64 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Ich stimme nicht mit allem was Sie sagten überein, aber einiges davon gefiel mir." 65 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er sah mich an, nahm sanft meine Hand und sagte: "Eines Tages wirst du, Schwester. Eines Tages wirst du", und lächelte dabei. 66 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Um seine Botschaft zu verdeutlichen, benutze Malcolm sein eigenes Leben als Lehre für schwarze Amerikaner. 67 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er predigte sie in Fabeln und Parabeln und später beim Schreiben seiner Autobiography mit Alex Haley. 68 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er wollte Kontrolle darüber wie sein Leben zukünftig gedeutet werden würde. 69 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ich war sehr hingerissen von einer Aussage die er später über sich selbst traf. 70 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er sagte: "Ich bin Teil von allen die ich je getroffen habe." 71 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und damit meinte er, dass all die Dinge die er in seiner Jugend getan hatte 72 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ihn etwas Aussetzten was ihm vertschiedene Fähigkeiten beibrachten, 73 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 die sich zu Malcolm entwickeln sollten, der zum Wortführer der Nation of Islam werden würde. 74 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Sie wurden in Omaha geboren, richtig?" - "Ja Sir." 75 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Und Ihre Familie verließ Omaha, als Sie wie alt waren. Ein Jahr?" 76 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Ich schätze etwa ein Jahr alt." 77 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Warum verließ sie Omaha?" - "Soweit ich weiß brannte der Ku Klux Klan eines Ihrer Häuser in Omaha nieder." 78 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Das machte Ihre Familie sicherlich unglücklich." - "Nun, zumindest verunsicherte es uns." 79 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Also haben Sie wohl eine etwas voreingenommene Haltung. 80 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Sie können sich dem nicht auf eine große, akademische Weise annähern." - "Ich finde das stimmt nicht, denn 81 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 nachdem wir Omaha verließen und nach Lansing, Michigan zogen, wurde wieder unser Haus niedergebrannt.<< 82 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Mein Vater wurde vom Ku Klux Klan getötet. 83 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und trotz all dem war irgendjemand mehr unter den Weißen integriert als ich. 84 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Niemand hat wie ich in der Gesellschaft der Weißen gelebt wie ich. 85 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wir waren die einzigen schwarzen Kinder in der Nachbarschaft. 86 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Hinten auf unserem Grundstück war eine bewälderte Fläch und die Weißen Kinder 87 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 kamen alle zu uns um hinten im Wald zu spielen. 88 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm schlug vor Robin Hood zu spielen. Also spielten wir dort Robin Hood mit Malcolm als Robin Hood. 89 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und die weißen Kinder ließen das zu. 90 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm sagte er war der hellhäutigste unter den sieben Kindern von Earl and Louise Little. 91 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Eine Erinnerung, so meinte er, an den Weissen der seine Großmutter vergewaltigte. 92 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 1929, als Malcolm 4 Jahre alt war, brachte sein Vater, ein Tischler und Prediger, die Familie nach Lansing, Michigan. 93 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Lansing war eine kleine Stadt und die westliche Seite war jene auf der die Schwarzen lebten. 94 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm lebte mit seiner Familie außerhalb der Stadt. 95 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und sie hatten eine 16.000m2 große Parzelle mit einem kleinen Haus darauf. 96 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Man sah sie irgendwie als Farmer an. 97 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Drei Monate nachdem die Littles einzogen leiteten die weißen Nachbarn rechtliche Schritte ein um Sie zu vertreiben. 98 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ein Bezirksrichte urteilte, dass das Gelände nur Weissen vorbehalten war. 99 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Aber Earl Little weigerte sich umzusiedeln. 100 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In Michigan betrug die Mitgliederzahl des Ku Klux Klans etwa 70.000. 101 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Fünf Mal soviel wie in Mississippi. 102 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Für Malcolms Familie war die Feindseligkeit von den Weißen eine Gegebenheit des Lebens. 103 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wir schliefen alle und plötzlich hörten wir einen großen Knall. 104 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und als wir aufwachten war überall Feuer. 105 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und wir stießen alle gegen die Wände und gegeneinander. 106 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ich erinnere mich, dass meine Mutter rief: "Aufstehen, aufstehen. Es brennt. Raus hier!" 107 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Daran erinnere ich mich genau. 108 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ich hörte meine Mutter und meinen Vater rufen. 109 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Sie gingen sicher, dass Sie uns alle erwischten und rausbrachten. 110 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Das Haus brannte komplett ab. Die Feuerwehr kam nicht und das Haus brannte nieder. 111 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolms Vater, Earl LIttle, beschuldigte die örtlichen Weißen das Feuer gelegt zu haben. 112 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Die Polizei verhaftete ihn und bezichtigte ihn der Brandstiftung. 113 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Die Beschuldigungen wurden später fallen gelassen. 114 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In der Stadt in der wir aufwuchsen nannten die Weißen uns "hochnäsige Nigger". 115 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Diese klugen Nigger von außerhalb der Stadt." 116 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Zu jener Zeit, wann auch immer ein Weisser dich als "Kluger Nigger" bezeichnete, 117 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 war es ihre Art zu sagen: "Das ist ein Nigger bei dem man aufpassen muss. Er ist nicht dumm." 118 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Mein Vater war unabhängig. 119 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er wollte von niemanden durchgefüttert werden. Er wollte sein eigenes Essen heranschaffen. 120 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Niemand sollte über seine Kinder bestimmen. 121 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er wollte selbst über sie bestimmen und das tat er. 122 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er sprach immer von Marcus Garvey's Denkweisen und versuchte die Schwarzen dazu zu bringen 123 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 sich auf Vordermann zu bringen, keinen Ärger zu verursachen und miteinander daran zu arbeiten ihre Lage zu verbessern. 124 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Aber damals galt man damit als Unruhestifter. 125 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In den 1920ern predigte Marcus Garvey, ein schwarzer Nationalist, 126 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 dass schwarze Amerikaner eine von der weißen Gesellschaft unabhängige Nation aufbauen sollten. 127 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Mit einer Mitgliedschaft von hundert von tausenden suchte Garvey's "Universal Negro Improvement Association" 128 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 stärkere Beziehungen mit afrikanischen Ländern. 129 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Die UNIA hatte ihre eigene Flagge, ihre eigene Nationalhymne und eine afrikanische Legion, 130 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 welche schwor schwarze Menschen zu Hause und im Ausland zu verteidigen. 131 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Das US Bureau of Investigation bezeichnete Garvey einen der führenden Negro --->Hassprediger<-- ??. 132 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Die Regierung deportierte 1927, aber Malcolms Eltern hielten ihm die Treue. 133 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Earl rekrutierte neue Mitglieder, Louise schrieb dür die Garvey-Zeitung. 134 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Meine Mutter ließ uns aus der Garvey-Zeitung mit dem Namen "Die Negrowelt" vor. 135 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und sie sprach mit uns auch über unsere Unabhängigkeit. Wir sollten uns selbst nicht Negros 136 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 oder Nigger nennen, denn wir seien schwarze Menschen. 137 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wir sollten stolz darauf sein uns schwarze Menschen zu nennen. 138 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Wie lautet ihr echter Name?" - "Malcolm X. " 139 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Ist das ihr gesetzlicher Name?" - "Soweit es mich betrifft ist es mein gesetzlicher Name." 140 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Würde es sie stören mir den Nachnamen ihres Vaters zu nennen?" 141 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Mein Vater kannte seinen Nachnamen nicht. Er bekam seinen Nachnamen von seinem Großvater 142 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 und der bekam ihn von seinem Großvater, welcher ihn von seinem Slavenmeister bekam. 143 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Der wahre Name unseres Volkes wurde während der Sklaverei vernichtet." 144 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Gab es einen Punkt im Stammbaum ihrer Familie 145 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 in dem sie einen Nachnamen benutzen mussten, und wenn ja, wie lautete der? 146 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Der Nachname meiner Vorfahren wurde ihnen genommen, als sie nach Amerika gebracht und versklavt wurden. 147 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und dann wurde ihnen der name ihre Sklavenmeister gegeben, welchen wir ablehnen." 148 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Sie meinen, sie wollen mir nicht einmal sagen wie der vermeintliche, oder übergebene Nachname ihres Vaters war?" 149 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Ich erkenne ihn nicht im geringsten an." 150 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 September 1931. Malcolm war sechs Jahre alt, als seine Mutter eine Vorahnung hatte. 151 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wir befanden uns alle im Haus und hatten unser Abendessen 152 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 und meine Mutter hielt Wesley, meinen jüngsten Bruder. 153 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Als sie ihn wahrscheinlich stillte schlief sie ein, mit dem Baby im Arm. 154 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Mein Vater machte sich im Schlafzimmer bereit um in die Stadt zu gehen um Geld zu holen. 155 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und sie wachte auf und sagte: "Earl, geh nicht in die Stadt, sonst wirst du nicht zurückkommen." 156 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In jener Nacht um etwa elf Uhr wurde Earl Little in einer Abgelegenen Gegend außerhalb Lansings gefunden. 157 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Sein Körper war fast von einer Strassenbahn in zwei Hälften geteilt. 158 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Die Polilzei bezeichnete Earl LIttles Tod als Unfall. 159 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Die Angelegenheit war ziemlich schleierhaft, denn damals meinte man, 160 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 dass es kein Unfall mit der Strassenbahn war, sondern Reverend Little vor die Bahn gestossen wurde. 161 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Tatsächlich erinnere ich mich an genau jene Worte. Dass er wahrscheinlich gestossen wurde. 162 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Der Tod meines Vaters verursachte einen großen Schock in der Familie, denn er war die Macht und Stärke im Haushalt.<< 163 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wir waren eine organisierte und strukturierte Familie. 164 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Nach der Schule gingen wir sofort nach Hause und machten uns an die Arbeit im Garten. 165 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wir reinigten den Hühnerstall und machten uns fürs Bett fertig. 166 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und morgens standen wir auf, holten das Wasser vom Brunnen und brachten es ins Haus. 167 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 So war es als Vater am Leben war, denn das nicht zu tun brachte als Konsequenz eine tracht Prügel. 168 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Also waren wir diszipliniert. 169 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und nach dem mein Vater ermordet wurde und durch das Unvermögen meiner Mutter so schnell wie ich oder Malcolm zu laufen 170 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 verhalf uns dazu mit Sachen davonzukommen die wir sonst nicht einmal versucht hätten. 171 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wir wurden immer freier. << 172 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Louise Little bemühte sich ihre sieben Kinder durch die Große Depression zu bringen. 173 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Sie war in eine Position gedrängt in der sie kein Einkommen hatte und suchte sich arbeit. 174 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Sie war eine stolze Frau. 175 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Sie verkaufte Sachen und strickte für andere Leute. Sie tat viel um nicht allein auf Sozialhilfe angewiesen zu sein. 176 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Sie mochte es nicht gesagt zu bekommen, was sie zu tun und zu lassen hat. << 177 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und das ist eine der Hauptursachen die sie mehr als alles andere niederschmetterte. 178 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Je mehr Zeit verging, desto mehr konnte man erkennen, dass sie ermüdete. 179 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Sieben Jahre lang, während Malcolm die Pupertät erreichte, zog sich seine Mutter langsam von der Gesellschaft zurück. 180 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Zwei Tage vor Weihnachten 1938 wurde Louise Little als paranoid diagnostiziert 181 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 und ins Kalamazoo State Hospital gebracht. 182 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Eines Tages als ich von der Schule nach Hause kam war sie nicht mehr da. 183 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ich erinnere mich daran, dass ich mich leer fühlte, denn sie würde uns nie verlassen. 184 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ich fühlte den Schmerz ihrer Abwesenheit und es sollte nur einige Wochen dauern. 185 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Sie würde sich erholen und zurück kommen, aber es sollte noch Jahre dauern. << 186 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Louise Little blieb die nächsten 26 Jahre in Kalamazoo. 187 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Der 13-jährige Malcolm musste zusehen wie das Gericht seine Familie trennte, 188 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 indem sie die jüngeren Geschwister Pflegestellen in Lansing übergaben und ihn in eine weiße Gemeinde zehn Meilen entfernt brachten. 189 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In der Vergangenheit war die größte Waffe des weißen Mannes seine Fähigkeit zu teilen und zu erobern. 190 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wenn ich euch mit meiner Hand schlage, spürt ihr das gar nicht. Es mag brennen, weil die Finger nicht zusammen sind. 191 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Aber alles was ich tun muss um euch zurück auf euren Platz zu verweisen ist diese Finger zu vereinen. 192 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Er war der einzige der achten Klasse in Michigan - einer Schule in der er, glaube ich, 193 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 der einzige Schwarze in seiner Klasse und einer der wenigen in der ganzen Schule war - 194 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 der herausragender Einserschüler war, der sogar zum Präsidenten seiner Klasse gewählt wurde. 195 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Alle Anderen in der achten Klasse waren weiß und offenbar musste er außerordentliches Leisten um das zu werden. 196 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Und dann gab es den Malcolm der die Schule verließ und nach Roxbury, Massachusetts ging 197 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 und zum ersten Mal dem ausgesetzt wurde was man lose Abzocker nennen könnte. 198 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ich selbst bezeichnete mich damals in Roxbury als kleiner Abzocker. 199 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And this particular day ??? Malcolm X had come into Buscity???, had on his zoot suit with the wide 200 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ??? had with the long 3/4 lenght coat ?? with the chain that went down to your ankles. 201 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The last time I recall, Cab Calloway used that outfit for his stage uniform. 202 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When Malcolm left Lansing he had nothing but an old square suit on. White man suit as I call it. 203 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When he came back from Boston, oh Lord, Malcolm had a zoot suit on him and a wide brim hat with 204 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 a chain from his hat down to his lapel. He was the top of the town. Everybody was talking 205 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 about Malcolm. 206 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When he was dancing on the floor, and he was floating around those pants ??? like he was a floating balloon. 207 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And that coat was like a wing. The way he'd be dancing ??? flying around with that big ???. 208 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And this used to really shake up the girls. 209 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In Boston they called him "New York Red" in New York they called him "Detroid Red". 210 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ????????? 211 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he had pictures of him and Billy Holiday and all these people of that time out there. 212 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Who were just being made known to the rest of the black world. 213 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm works the kitchen crew on the New Haven Railroad between Boston, New York 214 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 and Washington DC. 215 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In 1942 he moved to Harlem and at age 17 began travelling in a world of ??? after hour clubs and small time hustlers. 216 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He had reached a point at where he said: "You'll never make it on this janitory jobs and selling 217 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 sandwiches on these trains and shining shoes and stuff like that. You never will get anywhere." 218 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He had the reputation of being a hustler. 219 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 That he was a street person but he was a hustler. 220 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He was a con man.???? 221 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When the white folks ??? came out at night and they wanted black women, he could arrange for 222 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 them to get them. If they wanted bootleg-whiskey he knew where to get it. If they wanted drugs he knew where to get it. 223 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He made it possilbe. He knew what they wanted and he knew where to get it and he would be 224 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 in the middle where he could make a profit off of it. And this is the way he started doing it. 225 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Looking back at that time, Malcolm said: "Only three things worried him. 226 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Jail, a job and the army. 227 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 To avoid derving in WW2 he told his draft board that he wanted to organize black soldiers to 228 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 kill whites. 229 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He was judged unfit for the military. 230 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolms gambling and drugs and Harlems night life were expensive. 231 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He had already been arrested twice for petty crimes. 232 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When he moved back to Austin back in 1945 he organized a gang to burglurise homes of prominent families. 233 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The other gang members included his friend Malcolm Jarvis, his white girlfriend B. and 234 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 two other white women. 235 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 This girl knew that these people were down to Florida that time of the year. There was nobody 236 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 home, so we broke into the house and we'd get some of their valuables and Malcolm would take 237 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 most of the stuff and pawn it and get money for his gambling habit. 238 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 After two weeks of doing this that's when the case broke ??? when he made the mistake of going to 239 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the pawn shop to retrieve a watch with over a thousand dollars that came out of one of 240 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the houses. That's when he was arrested by three police men. 241 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm Little, Malcolm Jarvis and the three women were charged with breaking and entering. 242 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The fact that two black men were with white women becaome an issue in the court. 243 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm was definitely involved with two white women and this is what made the case so 244 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 powerful. So outrages. 245 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The women testified that Malcolm had forced them to participate in the burglaries. 246 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The two men received the maximum sentence. 8-10 years in state prison. 247 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When they sentenced us, I went out of my mind. I reached up and grabbed the bars of the cage and 248 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I shook them, almost shook them right up off the floor, and I hollered at the judge. And I said to him, 249 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "You might as well kill me as to give me 10 years in jail." 250 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Well, I was they call a mad negro. I was one. 251 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And I knew what I saw was real. I knew there wasn't anything funny about it. 252 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I knew that when they laughed all together they were laughing: "Look what we did. We doing it to the Negro." 253 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Then they had the unintimitadet gall 254 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 to ask the girls, before they took them out of there, to press charges against us for rape. 255 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The girls wouldn't do it. 256 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm Little was 20 years old, facing 8-10 years in state prison. 257 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He had wandered far from the Garvey pride and independence his parents had preached. 258 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He was now prisoner number 22843. 259 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 To have once been a criminal is no disgrace. 260 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 To remain a criminal is the disgrace. 261 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I formerly was a criminal. I formerly was in prison. 262 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I'm not ashamed of that. You never can use that over my head, and he is using the wrong stick. 263 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I don't feel that stick. 264 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 They charged Jesus with sedition. 265 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Didn't they do that? 266 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 They said he was against Cesar. 267 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 They said he was discriminating because he told his desciples, : 268 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Go not the way of the gentiles, but rather go to the lost sheep. 269 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Got to the people who don't know who they are. Who are lost from the knowledge of themselves. 270 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And who are strangers in a land that is not theirs. 271 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Go to those people! Go to the slaves! Go to the second class citizens! 272 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Go to the ones who are suffering the wrath of Cesars brutality! 273 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And if Jesus were here in america today he wouldn't be going to the white man. 274 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The white man is the oppressor! He would be going to the oppressed. He would be going to 275 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the humble. He would be going to the ???. He would be going to the rejected and the despised. 276 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He would be going to the so called american negro. 277 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Prison 1946 278 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Behind prison walls Malcolm hustled bets, fed his drug habit and argued against the exiscante of god. 279 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The men in his cell block called him "Satan". 280 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But at the same time encouraged by an older black inmate, Malcolm began reading and taking 281 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 english courses. 282 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm described vividly prison life. 283 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 That he was in effect lonely and limited ??? 284 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 but had plans for....He was going to do a lot of reading. 285 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he certainly did a lot of writing, because I think there were times when he probably 286 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 wrote me every week. 287 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 During the second year in prison his brothers and sisters wrote to him about what they 288 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 called "The natural religion for the black man". 289 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 A religion that taught that black people were the original people. 290 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 That god was black and was called Allah. 291 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 They told Malcolm that they were now a part of the Nation of Islam. 292 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Followers of the honorable Elijah Muhammed, the messenger of Allah. 293 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I think Islam is one of the greatest religion of all time for all people of america. 294 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The so called american negro have to be completely re-educated. 295 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And Islam gives him that qualification that he can feel proud and does not feel ashamed to be 296 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 called a black man. 297 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I came into the muslim movement in 1947. And then started to bring my brothers and sisters in. 298 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We already had been indoctrinated with americas ??? philosophy. 299 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 So they didn't have anything to do wiht convincing us about we were black and should be proud, 300 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 we were already that when we came in. 301 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 So I wrote to Malcolm and told him about...I said to him: "If you will believe in Allah, 302 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 that he would get out of prison. 303 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And that's all I wrote because I know that he had very low tolerance for religion and I didn'T 304 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 intend to use that tolerance. 305 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm's brothers and sisters wrote the young prisoner that black people in america were 306 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 part of a lost tribe. Soon to be delivered out of bondage. And that whites, according to 307 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Elijah Muhammed - were a race of devils whose domination on earth was about to end. 308 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 At first he liked every bit of it except one thing he couldn't understand. 309 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And that was the part that we were teaching about the white man being the devil. 310 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm wrote to Elijah Muhammed. And Elijah Muhammed answered. 311 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And when he answered he would recite the part of ??? scripture. 312 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And then he gave him the key. He said the key the bible is this book, that everything that takes 313 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 place in this bible is on this earth. 314 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 So you don't have to die to go to hell, you can catch ??? hell while you are living. 315 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And the white man is the one that is putting the hell on you. 316 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Well, that's a very convincing teaching, especiall when you use the white mans history to 317 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 coraborate this. 318 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm began reading history, philosophy and religion. The writing of D.E.B Debois, Shakespeare, Sokrates, The Fables of ???, The lives 319 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 of Gandhi and Ned Turner. 320 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he finds all this history of how white christians lynched black christians. 321 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 White christians were the once who were involved in the slave trade. Those were christians. 322 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 So Malcolm began to see this and then he began to study it himself and prove that if there is such 323 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 a thing as a real devil on this earth it has to be the white man. 324 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Elijah Muhammed told Malcolm to submit to Allah. 325 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But for Malcolm submission would always be difficult. 326 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 It took a week before he could force himself to bow in prayer. 327 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Later, to help spread the teachings of Elijah Muhammed, Malcolm joined the prison debate team. 328 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Competing about visiting college teams from harvard and MIT. 329 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 That's when Malcolms name and fame started to spread amongst the prison population. 330 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And, as the population started to grow at the debating classes, most of the fellas used to 331 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 come over out of curiosity, just to hear him speak. 332 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In 1950 Malcolm wrote to the Governor demanding the right to practice the muslim religion in prison. 333 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 His letters would later end up in FBI files. 334 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The Bureau had been keeping a close watch on the Nation of Islam since the late 1930s. 335 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm considered a trouble maker, was denied an early parole. 336 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He was not eligible to be led out at that time because he had been a threat to society. 337 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 They considered him dangerous. 338 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Knowledge-wise and otherwise, religious-wise. 339 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He would have been like a rotten appel in a box full of a thousand. He was gonna spoil many. 340 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 On August 7th 1952, after six and a half years in prison Malcolm was released. 341 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Within a month he was accepted into the nation of islam. 342 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm Little had become Malcolm X. 343 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 How did you happen to join the muslim movement? 344 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I was in prison. I was a very wayward criminal, backward, illiterate, uneducated and whatever 345 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 other negative characteristics you could think of, type of person. 346 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Until I heard the teachings of the honorable Elijah Muhammed. And because of the impact that it 347 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 had upon me, in giving me a desire to reform myself and rehabilitate myself for the first time 348 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 in my life. Also to be able to see the effect that it had upon others. This is what made me accept it. 349 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And I noticed that after being exposed to the religious teachings of the honorable 350 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Elijah Muhammed immediately it instilled within me such a high degree of racial pride and racial 351 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 dignity that I wanted to be somebody. 352 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And I realized that I couldn't be somebody by begging the white man for what he had. 353 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But that I had to get out of here and try to do something for myself or make somethign out 354 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 of myself. 355 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The first time that I recalled seeing Malcolm was at the home of my father, honorable Elijah Muhammed. 356 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And I saw a thin ?? man, tall man, young man, ???. He was just meeting you, the first thing 357 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 you would get from him was a smile. 358 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He said: "This is Wallace!" 359 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And I smiled at him. I was happy to see him because I had heard of him too. 360 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he said: "The messengers son." And he was so excited about the messenger. 361 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Really it wasn't just seeing Wallace, it was seeing the messengers son. 362 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When Malcolm came out he was just so full of fire. He had gotten so full of fire, that he got out at the right time at 363 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the right place so could expound ???. 364 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He came to Detroit, he was surprised to find there was such few people. 365 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ??? powerful deity in his mind. 366 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he says: "I'm surprised that you are sitting here and so many empty seats. 367 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Everytime you come out here this place should be full. 368 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And that excited the honorable Elijah Muhammed. 369 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In the early 1950s the Nation of Islam was unknown in most black communities. 370 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Total membership was believed to be no more than 400 people. 371 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm was sent on the road to spread the message. 372 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Within two years he helped organize temples in Boston, Hartford and Philadelphia. 373 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Elijah Muhammed then named Malcolm Minister of the most important temple on the east coast. 374 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Harlems temple number 7. 375 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Mr. Muhammed knew that Malcolm had experience. That he knew New York. 376 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He also knew, that he was that kind of men - complexion, height, speech and courage - all has 377 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 to be taken into consideration, when you select a man to stand before the people. 378 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Plus, this is an international city. 379 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 You got to have your best in New York. And 380 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 this is why Mr. Muhammed selected him. 381 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In 1955, when Elijah Muhammed visited the New York temple it was to inspect the work of the 382 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ambitioned and outspoken minister, who had transformed tiny storefronts along the east coast 383 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 into a congregation of thousands. 384 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm X and Elijah Muhammeds massage made a whole lot of people feel whole again. 385 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Human being again. 386 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Some of them came out and found a new meaning to their manhood and their womanhood. 387 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Had Elijah Muhammed tried to introduced an orthodox form of ??? oriented islam, 388 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I doubt if he would've attracted 500 people. 389 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But he introduced a form of islam that could communicate with the people he had to deal with. 390 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He was the king to those who had no king. 391 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He was the messiah to those some people thought unworthy of a messiah. 392 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The ??? thing is that Elijah Mudammed is like nothing I have ever taken. Like some medicine. 393 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 You see. A medicine that has cured me of all my ???. I was a sick man. 394 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When I embraced the teachings of honorable Elijah Muhammed, these teachings cured me 395 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 of decease. I'm a well man now. I feel good. 396 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 As long as you stay with the doctor you continue to be good - Yes sir. 397 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 What about you? How do feel about the honorable Elijah Muhamed? - Honorable Elijah Muhammed 398 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 is trying to teach all of ??? people they are ???. - Go ahead brother. - Elijah Muhammed tries to wake them up. 399 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Inside muslim temples no white people were allowed. 400 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Members worked to build a self sufficiant community. 401 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Thounded on strict rules and absolute obedience. 402 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The nation set up muslim schools for its children. 403 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Teaching mathematics, sciene, history and arabic. 404 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Who is the original man?" 405 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "The original man is the ??? black man" 406 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "The makers of all?? and the king of planet earth" 407 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Muslim women studied nutrition, child bearing and guidlines on how to care about their husband. 408 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Muslim man studied parental responsibility, history and religion. 409 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The elite core, called "The fruit of Islam" was trained in hand to hand combat and was 410 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 expected to protect the temples and to punish any members who spoke out against the messanger. 411 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I was surprised when I went to some of the muslim families. The faith that they had in the 412 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Elijah Muhammed and in Malcolm. 413 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I asked one father: "Suppose your son came home one day and told you that he renounced the muslim 414 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 religion." 415 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He said: "I would turn him from my door and I would never allow him in again." 416 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 So I asked Malcolm. He said: "He meant it and he would do it." 417 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I said: "Not worry about what would happen to his son?" 418 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "No, he wouldn't worry about what would happen to him. His allegiance is to Elijah Muhammed. 419 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 To help expand the Nation of Islam Malcolm created a newspaper: "Muhammed speaks". 420 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And persuaded other black newspapers to carry the messengers weekly column. 421 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 His strenght was, once he believed in a thing he would give anything he had to it. All of his energy. 422 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He'd become a workaholic. He'd work day and night for it. 423 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He only required around 4 hours of sleep. 424 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And many times he wouldn't even get that. 425 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Than you just kind of wonder: "How can anybody keep up that kind of ???". But he did it. 426 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Day in and day out. 427 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Plus, on top of that he's reading. He's reading papers, keeping up with what the news is. 428 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He's just a person that's too ??? to life in such a way. 429 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 That he doesn't miss too much of it. 430 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 At age 32, after devoting 5 years to building the Nation, he sought the approval of Elijah Muhammed 431 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 to merry sister Betty X. A college edubated member of Harlems temple number 7. 432 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In the years that followed the demands of his ministry allowed little time for his growing family. 433 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He sometime, if I could catch up, he would have to read to the children. They would always want 434 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the story read again. So that they would really just wait that he was on the last page and say: "Read it again." 435 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He started giving the books different endings. 436 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He had a beautiful sense of humor. Especially if he was kidding me about pork. 437 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ???? 438 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 You're a decent human being, smart historian. I give you 99 as a human being and you stop eating 439 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 pork I gonna give you a hundred. 440 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 A beautiful sense of humor plus the fact that when you got to know him he was kinda shy. 441 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm was now in the nation of islams inner circle. 442 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Elijah Muhammeds most visible represantitive. 443 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He had the messengers confidence and the loyalty of thousands of muslims. 444 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In a sense Malcolm had found a father. Elijah Muhammed had found another son. 445 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 God's Angry Men tangle with police. 446 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Riot threat as cops beat moslem. 447 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 On an april night in 1957 a muslim brother was beaten by New York City police. 448 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 His skull fractured, Johnson Hanton lay in a backroom of a Harlem police station. 449 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When word spread that Hanton was dying Malcolm ordered the muslims into the streets. 450 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Other Harlem residents joined them. 451 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The community had endured a long history of police brutality. 452 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Many considered the police an occupying force. 453 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 18th precinct was notorious for their prejudice. 454 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ?????? 455 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 That was the first time that anyone had marched on to 28th precinct in protest to something that 456 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 they felt wasn't right. 457 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I don't know what would have happened in Harlelm that night because the atmosphere was 458 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 not... I think the word to use is charged. Well, this atmosphere was explosive. 459 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm demande medical treatment for Hinton. 460 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 After a long negotiation police agreed to send the prisoner to Harlem hospital. 461 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But even then the muslims diffused to disperse. 462 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 This seargant came out and tried to chase ??? the muslims who were standing across the street. 463 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And Malcolm came out and told him: "You can't do that. They're not gonna move for you. I'll send them away." 464 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He went out to the front of the station on the first step and just waved his hand and the people walked away. 465 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 A police commissioner on the scene remarked: "That's too much power for one man to have." 466 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm would later take New York city to court and win the largest police brutality settlement 467 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 in the cities history. 468 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 They realized that anytime a person could wave his hand and have a large number of people 469 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 automatically move away without any conversation, that by the same token that same 470 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 man could wave his hand and cause those people to create some kind of disturbance if he wanted to. 471 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I believe from that point on the police department and the political people in New York City realized 472 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 that they had a significant force in the city to deal with. 473 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The hate that hate produced. 474 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Good evening I'm Mike Wallace. 475 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Last week on news beat our 6:30 news program on January 13, we presented a five part series 476 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 which we called the hate that hate produced. 477 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The study of the rise of black racism. 478 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Of a call for black supremacy among a small but growing segment of the american negro population. 479 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We have come to here??? and to see the greatest and wisest and most ... 480 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 This 1959 documentary was the first television portrayal of the internal activities of the 481 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 nation of Islam. 482 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm saw the television program as an opportunity. Elijah Muhammed was against it. 483 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Mr. Muhammed told malcolm no. It wasn't gonna do any good. 484 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 All it would do is hurt us. ??? we were trying to do. 485 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm wasn't satisfied. He didn't insist but he continued to ask Mr. Muhammed, could he do it. 486 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Mr. Muhammed reluctantly agreed. 487 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "The Trial," Nation of Islam Play. - I charge the white man with being the greates liar on earth. 488 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "The Trial," Nation of Islam Play. - I charge the white man, ladies and gentlemen of 489 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the jury with being the greatest murder on earth. 490 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I charge the white man of being the greatest adultere on earth, so therefor... 491 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Here was this auditorium overflowing. Thousands of people about ??? an organization 492 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I knew nothing about. I found it difficult to critic when I saw it. 493 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And of course when we put it on the air, New Yorkers - cause that's all that saw it - were stunned. 494 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 There was this organisation, "The Black Muslims", about which white New Yorkers simply knew nothing. 495 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Minister Malcolm X, as he addresses a non-muslim audience. 496 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 How could so few white people rule so many black people? This is the thing you should wanna know. 497 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 How could so few...The white man today will tell you that thousands of years ago, the black man 498 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 in africa was living in palaces. 499 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The black man in africa was wearing silk. 500 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The black man in africa was cooking and seasoning his food. 501 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The black man in africa had mastered arts and the sciences. 502 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He knew the course of the stars in the universe before the man up in Europe knew that the earth 503 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 wasn't flat. 504 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Is that right or wrong? 505 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I was amazed at his ??? to communicate. And at the naked honesty with which he expressed his 506 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 feelings about black people or the white people. 507 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He scared me. I'm sure he intended to. But certainly??? after I saw him in The hat that hate produced 508 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I knew that I would never forget this man. 509 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When I first saw Malcolm on the television, he scared me also. ??? 510 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 turn off that television. That man is saying stuff you aint supposed to hear. 511 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 So of course we did. But always, you know when the sun comes into the window and you jump up 512 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 to get it, to close the blinds or pull down the shades, but before you do that the sun comes in? 513 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Well, before each time we turned the televition off a little sun came in. 514 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 While the documentary helped bring in new converts, the racial views of the Naition of Islam 515 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 shocked white america and many in the black community. 516 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Preaching of racial hatred and racial advantage and the bigotry involved is a bad thing 517 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 wheter it's colored or white. For years the NAAPD has been opposed to white extremists preaching 518 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 hatred of nagro people and we are equally opposed of negro extremists preaching against 519 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 white people simple for the sake of whiteness. 520 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Most in the civil rights movement believed that integration was the way to solve americas racial problems. 521 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But Malcolm preached that black people were able to solve their own problems without the help of whites. 522 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 At a time when black americans began to identify with freedom movements in africa and latin america, 523 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm developed alliances with revolutionary leaders from around the world. 524 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He encouraged to see themselves not as a minority but as a part of a world majority. 525 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The riots ??? of african nations ??? with the spread with the nation of islam. 526 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And the civil rights movement. Gave black america a burst of pride.over and above anything we had had. 527 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 since the decline of the movement of Marcus Garvin. 528 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 will ??? wipe away our tears. That's the benifit of our unity. 529 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 They are passing the basket through the crowd and I think anybody standing here should put 530 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 one dollar in that basket. Don't you think you should? Sure, this are freedom dollars, brothers. 531 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We're not asking you to give us some money to make us rich, we put up business. The honorable 532 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Elijah Muhammed had set up more business than any black man in america. 533 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The Nation Of Islam with its interlocking corporations was now reputed to be the largest 534 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 black owned business empire in the united states. 535 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The Nation of Islam, during the early 60s was perhaps enjoying its best days. 536 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We were opening restaurants and grocery stores and seen the Muhammed speaks paper compete 537 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 with other black papers. 538 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We've seen Malcolm on television kind of frequently. We were proud of him. In our opinion 539 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 he was doing an excellent job of representing the honorable Elijah Muhammed and the Nation of Islam. 540 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We were seeing the Fruit of Islam not just exercising in some small facilities but seeing them 541 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 great numbers, hundreds of them, on the streets of big cities like Chicago, New York and Los Angeles. 542 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 My view on the Fruit of Islam was that these were the absolute baddest, cleanest brothers 543 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 that I had seen in my life. 544 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 There was some bad blood, you don't understand? I mean you did not mess with FOI. When they came 545 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 out in the street people would say: "Yes sir!". 546 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The growing presence of the Fruit of Islam attracted police attention. There were increasing 547 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 numbers of confrontations and arrests. 548 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm warned that members of the FOI would always obey the law, but would also defend 549 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 themselves if attacked. 550 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In cities across america police agencies were determined to contain the black muslims. 551 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 It was only a matter of time until the two forces would again collide. 552 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 On a spring night in 1962 another confrontation. 553 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 It began as a stop and search of muslim men delivering dry cleaning. 554 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 It ended with a full police assault on the muslim temple. 555 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 This time 8 men were shot. 1 Police officer and 7 muslims. 556 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Temple secretary Ronald Stokes was dead at the scene. 557 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I arrived at the mosque in Los Angeles after the shootin took place. 558 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 There was great sadness amongst people. 559 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm was walking back and forth shaking his head: "They're gonna pay for it." 560 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 If anyone would break into our temples we would defend it with our lives. The temple was sacred. 561 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And those brothers, they acted on what they were taught. And I'm sure that anyone seeing police 562 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 break into a church would be outraged. 563 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 This didn't cause us a great surprise to us, the fact that they would resist our police officers and 564 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 cause trouble because we have been watching this group for a long time and Chief Parker 565 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 warned some time ago that we might have trouble with them. 566 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Muslims riot. Kultist killed, policeman shot. 567 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The Los Angeles times reported the insident as a muslim riot and a wild gun fight. 568 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Four Wounded, 26 taken into custody; two officers beaten. 569 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Muslims shoot, beat police in wild gunfight. But it was never proven that any of the guns fired 570 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Muslims shoot, beat police in wild gunfight. belonged to the muslims. 571 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm called for churches and civil rights organisations to form a united fund with the 572 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 muslims against police brutality. 573 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Let us remember that we are not brutalised because we are baptist. 574 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We are not brutalised because we're methodists, 575 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We are not brutalised because we're muslims, 576 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 we are not brutalised because we're catholic. 577 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We are brutalised because we are black people in america. 578 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I'm telling you they came out of those cars and we have enough witnesses to hang them. 579 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 With their guns smoking. Chief Parker knows this, Mayor ??? knows this and every police official in the city knows that. 580 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 They didn't fire no warning shots in the air. They fired warning shots point blank at innocent, 581 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 unarmed, defenseless negroes. 582 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Cause I say, two of the brothers were shot in the back. 583 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Another was shot in the shoulder. 584 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Two of them was shot - excuse the expression - through the penis. 585 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Let me tell you something. You say, we hate white people? We don't hate anybody. 586 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We love our own people so much they think we hate the ones who are inflicting injustice against them. 587 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Coroner's INquest 1962 588 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Patrolman Donald Wease, the officer who killed Ronald Stokes testified that he knew Stokes 589 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 was unarmed but that Stokes had raised his hand in a menacing way. 590 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The all white coroners jury deliberated 22 minutes and found the death a justifiable homicide. 591 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 14 muslims were then ordered to stand trial on assault charges. 592 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 11 would be found guilty and sentenced to prison. 593 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We were people that sayin ???: "Never be the aggressor but if someone attacks you, we do 594 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 not teach you to turn the other cheek." 595 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 There were muslims who were not from the east coast, but from other parts of the country, that 596 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 would actually ?? to go out there and kill those police officers even though they may have 597 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 been killed in the process of doing it. But that's how strong the attitude of muslims was 598 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 against those brothers just being shot like that. 599 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Muhammad speakes: Court sets murdere free!" 600 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The conflict of the Los Angeles mosque brought to the surface the growing differences between 601 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm X and Elijah Muhammed. 602 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The messenger insisted Allah would evange Stokes death, but Malcolm demanded justice 603 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 in the courts. 604 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Would it have been possible for them to get a fair trial ther would be no necessity for a trial at all. 605 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 These are the victims of police bullets and you don't take the victims to court as a criminal. 606 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 You take the one who shot the victim to court. And it is the police who should be on trial here in Los Angeles. 607 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm began to talk less and less about god is going to get rid of the caucasian. 608 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he began to talk about how we were gonna be able to bring him to justice. 609 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And make them guilty and that they are not guilty according to the law of the land. ??? 610 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 That was not our argument at all. Our argument was that we were devine people and that 611 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 we would be protected and finally delivered. Put into the seat of authority by Allah. 612 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 That was our teaching at that time. 613 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 To avoid further confrontations with city authorities, Elijah Muhammed summoned 614 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm to a meeting at the messengers home. 615 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Elijah Muhammed told him very definitely: "If you had reacted the way you should have reacted, 616 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 have had more faith in Allah, Ronald Stokes would be alive." 617 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 That was it. ??? 618 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And Malcolm said ???? 619 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He just listened. 620 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Mr. Muhammed told him: "That's one man that we lost. I never did tell you that we were going to 621 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 lose anyone. But that's the way it is when you build an alligience??? 622 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He said: "They were wrong. But if I send my followers out there to do battle with those people 623 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 in an alley??, undercover or on top of the cover, they will get slaughtered and I'm not gonna do that. 624 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And Malcolm didn't like that. 625 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm had always said: "Muslims don't back down." In Harlem he had now to explain 626 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 what happened in Los Angeles. 627 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Ronald Stokes was not the least ??? among the followers of the honorable Elijah Muhammed. 628 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He was one of the highest. 629 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He was the secretary of our Los Angeles mosque. 630 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And as we explained ??? on me, many of you thought that we should go right on out then, 631 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 and make war on the white man. 632 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 You wanted to do it yourself didn't you? 633 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Didn't you? 634 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 You wanted some action then, didn't you? 635 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Cause you don't like the idea of white people shooting black people down, do you? 636 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And you're ready to do something about it? Aren't you? 637 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We know you are and the white man should be thankful that god has given the honorable 638 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Elijah Muhammed the control over his followers that he has. 639 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Told him to play it ??? cool, calm and collected. 640 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And leave it in the hands of god. 641 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In the months following the Los Angeles insident, Malcolms faiths in the messenger were further 642 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 tested by rumors about Elijah Muhammed private life. 643 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Once a months he would go to Chicago to take money to Elijah Mohammed. 644 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he would always go to the side door. 645 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And on this particular day, when he got to the side door there were three young ladies and they were 646 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 knocking and banging on the door: "Open the doodr, open the door! We need money for food, 647 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 our children don't have this or the other." 648 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He immediately felt that, number one he didn't belong there. 649 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm had long dismissed stories that Elijah Muhammed had fathered eight children with 650 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 six of his secretaries. Now he approached the messengers son Wallace to confirm what he had 651 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 seen. 652 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 So I told him: "Yes, I know about that. You can see things but you don't wanna see it, so you just 653 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 block it out of your mind. I'm aware of secretaries having some kind of reletiaonship with my 654 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 father. ??? with their children. I've seen him take that children and somewhere in my consciousness 655 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I was sure I was ??? that that was his family, but I never accepted it to deal with it in my mind. 656 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Never did I accept it to deal with it in my mind. 657 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Officials in the nation accused Wallace Muhammed of starting rumors and 658 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 conspiring against his father. 659 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The charge that I gave Malcolm information on my fathers domestic situation is true but only after 660 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm had already told me that he witnessed that sitiuation. 661 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 It gives me great pleasure and an honor and ??? at this time to introduce to you and present to you 662 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the messenger of Allah, your admired and beloved ??? teacher, the most honorable and humble 663 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Elijah Muhammed. 664 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm had submitted himself to Elijah Muhammed as his spiritual leader. 665 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He never tried to see anything else. 666 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And the things that he tried to put into practice himself, he thought were also being practiced 667 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 by his leader. 668 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And when he found out differently, it just took all of the wind out of his sails. 669 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In public the two men continued to embrace. In private suspicion had replaced faith. 670 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The relationship was further complicated by Elijah Muhammeds failing health. 671 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolms popularity vastly improved. 672 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Number one, Mr. Muhammed was thinking he had bronchitis. So Mr. Muhammed went to ??? public meetings 673 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 maybe once, twice a year. That's it. And the rest of the time Malcolm was going everywhere. 674 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 It was Malcolm who sparked the growth of the Nation all over the country. 675 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He was in demand. Nobody was asking for Elijah Muhammed to speak, they were asking for 676 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm to speak. And naturally Malcolm got more involved with the civil rights struggle. 677 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And his argument became more an argument that you would expect from someone who was in the 678 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 civil rights struggle, then you would from someone who was following the honorable Elijah Muhammed. 679 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The 60s showed us the white man in an image that the Nation of Islam had cast him in. 680 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In the image of a brutal person, you know. Turning the dogs out on the demonstrators. 681 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Using the fire hoses. All this helped the Nation of Islam charge against the white race. 682 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And made it possible for the Nation of Islams spokesman, Malcolm X, to get the press, to get 683 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the camera on him and to state what he had confidence in, that was an alternative, 684 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 and that was seperation. 685 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 As muslims we believe that seperation is the best way, and the only sensible way. Not integration. 686 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But on the other hand, when we see our people being brutalized by white bigots, white racists, 687 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 we think that they are foolish to allow themselves to be beaten and brutalized and do nothing 688 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 whatsoever to protect themselves. 689 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 If a dog is biting a black man the black man should kill the dog. 690 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Wheter if that dog is a police dog, a hound dog or any kind of dog. If a dog is ?? on a black man 691 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 when that black man is doing nothing but trying to take advantage of what the government says is 692 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 supposedly his than that black man should kill that dog or any two legged dog who ??? the dog on him. 693 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When Malcolm talks, ??? talk, ?? articulate for all the negro people who hear them, who listen to him. 694 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ?????? 695 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ?????? 696 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 That's Malolm's great authority over any of his audiences. He ??? their reality. 697 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I was probably about 14 years old and I was involved in a demonstration at this construction site. 698 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The community was demanding integration of the work force. 699 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We realized that Malsolm had come to watch the demonstration, when my shift changed I ran 700 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 across the street to talk to Malcolm. We had quite an argument that morning. 701 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he tried to explain to me what was wrong with my laying down on the ground in front of a cement truck. 702 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And Malcolm said if these are people who could lynch black people, murder black children, 703 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 enslave black people, why couldn't they run over somebody with a truck? 704 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he said: "They'd say it was an accident. Oops, my foot slipped, but you'd be " 705 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 just as dead." And when he left and I turned around to go back across the street. I went back 706 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 and I got on the picket line, but I never laid down on the street in front of a truck again. 707 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We were sitting across this table at the ????, talking about race relations in america and 708 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm at one point said okay, what's your solution and he was not asking me for advice. 709 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He just of wanted to put me on the spot for a moment. 710 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I was at the time under the spell of Dr. King and his notion of the beloved society which 711 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 would be colorblind and in which color would not be a disability for anybody. 712 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm was kind of looking back at me and said: "You're dreaming. I haven't got time for dreams." 713 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The goal of Dr. King is full equality...- No. - 714 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ...and full rights citizenship for negroes. 715 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The goal of Dr. Martin Luther King is to give Negroes a chance to sit in a segregated 716 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 restaurant beside the same white man who had brutalized them for 400 years. 717 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The goal of Dr. Martin Luther KIng is to get Negroes to forgive the people who have 718 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 brutalized them for 400 years by lulling??? them to sleep and making him forget what 719 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 that whites had done to them. But the masses of black people in america today don't go for 720 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 what Dr. Martin Luther KIng is puttin down. You said in one of your articles, his psychologically insecure 721 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 or something like this. However you put it. But you didn't endorse what Martin Luther King was doing yourself. 722 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I do not reject his goals of full integration and full equality rights for american citizens, do you reject... 723 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 If you don't think he's walking on the right road I'm quite sure you don't agree that he'll head to 724 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the right place. 725 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We were aware, or felt that it was somewhat dangerous to be too closely associated 726 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 to Malcolm. He was saying some pretty rough things, particularly about whites. 727 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Those of us who wanted to keep peace with the white world, some of us had our jobs in the 728 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 white community. We didn't really get too close to Malcolm. 729 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 It has been suggested also that this movement teaches a gospel of violence, that... 730 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 No, the black people in this country have been the victims of violence by the hands of the 731 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 white man for 400 years. And following the ignorant negro preachers, we had thought 732 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 it was godlike to turn the other cheek to the brute that was brutalizing us. 733 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And today the honorable Elijah Muhammed has shown black people in this country that 734 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 just as the white man and every other person on this earth has god given rights, natural rights, 735 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 civil rights. Any kind of rights that you can think of when it comes to defending hiself. 736 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Black people should have the right to defend themselves also. 737 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 In August 1963, 250.000 americans for the march on Washington. 738 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm came to us. He told us the story about the ????. 739 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 One thing I can say about Malcolm: Anytime he told us something he could back it up. 740 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He had a ???? and he ??? said, I'm gonna tell you. 741 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I know what I'm talking about. 742 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He says, who pays the bills for civil rights? 743 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ??????? 744 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 You have to fight your battles. And it started in the street, but once you let them become integrated 745 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ???? 746 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 and than he relates it to a cup of coffee that is hot and as soon as you water it, put the milk in it cools down. 747 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And these analogies Malcolm used sometimes were funny, but they hit home. 748 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 KIng: ????? 749 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Most of the people that we were organizing had also heard of Malcolm X, 750 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 and respected him and listened to him and anytime that he was going to be on 751 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 they made an effort to hear those speeches. 752 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And felt that he indeed understood what their problems were and that they needed to 753 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 be fought against. 754 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And I suppose not always non-violently. 755 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Nineteen days after the march of Washington a bomb blew apart the sunday school 756 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 of the 16th street baptist church in Bur???, Alabama. 757 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 20 people were insured. 758 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 4 little girls were killed. 759 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Here we're talking about bombing a church and killing 4 little girls. 760 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And the feeling of anger and not being able to do something or not doing something was 761 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 tremendous. 762 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 A lot of us sort of became desatisfied. 763 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Because sort of became desatisfied. 764 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He never spoke of it,??? that we were doing anything to help our people. 765 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Who'd been brutalized by the whites and the police during the civil rights movement. 766 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We felt that we should have gotten involved. 767 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 One white man named Lincoln supposedly fought the civil war to solve the race problem and 768 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the problem is still here. And then another white man named Kennedy 769 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 came along running for President and told negroes what all he was going to do 770 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 for them and they voted for him 80%. He's been in office now for three years and the problem 771 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 is still here. 772 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When police dogs were biting black women and black children and black babies in Birmingham, Alabama 773 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 that Kennedy talked about what he couldn't do becasue no federal law had been violated and 774 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 as soon as the negroes exploded and began to protect themselves and got the best of the crackers 775 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 in Birmingham, then Kennedy sent for the troops. 776 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He didn't have any new law when he sent for the troops when the negroes errupted, than he had at 777 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the time when the whites had errupted. So we are within our rights, and with justification, when we 778 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 express doubt concerning the ability of the white man to solve our problem. 779 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And also when we express doubt concerning his integrity, concerning his sincerity. 780 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Because will have to confess that the problem has been around for a long time and whites 781 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 had been saying the same thing about it for the past hundred years and is no nearer 782 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 to the solution today than a hundred years ago. 783 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Well, he has changed. 784 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Changed from religious talk to ??? talk. 785 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 To the point where I told him (Malcolm), that I listened to him when he first started 786 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 and I listen to him now. 787 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And I hear a change. He says: "What kind of change do you mean?" 788 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I say: "Well, your talks when you first started out caused me to have chills when you speak. 789 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Because of the truth of what you were saying. But now I don't feel that anymore." 790 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He told his answer to me: "Maybe you have lost your religion or your spirit" 791 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I said: "Well, maybe I have, but I'm just letting you know how I feel." 792 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 After a while we began to notice that there were some rumblings ?? from Elijah Muhammeds family. 793 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Every now and then there'd be little things they would say to let you know that they got 794 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 a problem with Malcolm rising up before the public like he's doing, because everybody had 795 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 began to recognize him now as the spokesman. 796 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Spokesman" might be alright, but at the same time he's getting the public (s attention), 797 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the media has got him. Everybody is all "Malcolm, Malcolm, Malcolm X" 798 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 You're hearing Elijah Muhammeds name less and less. 799 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm believed he could handle the jealousies within the Nation of Islam. 800 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But tentions between him and the messenger would come to a head??? 801 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 in late November in 1963. 802 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We're sittin in the restaurant, drinking coffee, having this meeting and the captain of the mosque, 803 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Joseph, got a telephone call from his wife. He got up and went to the phone booth, took the call 804 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 and he came back to the table looking visibly shocked. 805 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He said, that his wife had just told him that Kennedy had been shot. 806 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm sent somebody to get a radio out of the back and plugged in the radio and listened. 807 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And the announcer was saying: "To repeat. We're confirming that the president has been shot 808 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 in Dallas, Texas. At this point we don't know how serious it is." 809 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And Malcolm said immediately: "That devil is dead". 810 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 John F. Kennedy had been assassinated. Mr. Muhammed and his son called Malcolm and said: 811 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 "Brother Minister Malcolm? My father told me to tell you and we're calling all over the country, that 812 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 John F. Kennedy was assassinated. 813 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And that we should not say anything in a degradory way whatsoever, because the 814 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 man was the president of the united states. 815 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And that people loved him." 816 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The muslims had schedules a rallye at the manhattan center in new york city. 817 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 The day of the rallye the messenger called Malcolm to remind him to teach the 818 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 spiritual side and avoid saying anything about the president's death. 819 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But he was clearly nervois about what he might say. He spoke from a prepared speech. 820 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Never specifically mentioned Kennedy. 821 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But then as if ??? courting desaster, 822 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 he opened the floor up for questions. 823 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Normally he would speak ????? 824 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But this day he asked for questions and answer. 825 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He went into this litany, comparing other leaders around the world who had somehow sufferd 826 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 at the hand of the United States Government and his agents and how this compared to what 827 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 just happened to Kennedy. 828 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he said: "Patrice Lamumba died and his wife became a widow, his people had their leader cut down 829 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 and the US Government had been involved in doing that." 830 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he went through a ??? of these always winding up with the involvement of the 831 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 United States Government. 832 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 So that the final point when you do those kind of things all around the world you set up an 833 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 situation, an atmosphere, an environment in the world and sooner or later those chickens 834 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 come home to roost. 835 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 When he ??? I was really took ???. I didn't understand that. 836 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he answered the question: "Well, I know I'll get in trouble for this, but as far as I'm concerned 837 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 it's a case of the chickens coming home to roost." 838 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ??? John Ali, the National Secretary was there. That's how Mr. Muhammed got the news so fast. 839 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 This ??? is from messenger Elijah Muhammed, the ??? muslim from america. 840 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Mr. Malcolm ?? addressed in a public meeting at ?? center in New York City on Sunday, December 1st, 841 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 did not speak for the muslims when he made comments of the ??? death of the president, John F. Kennedy. 842 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He was speaking for himself and not muslims in general. And Mr. Malcolm has been 843 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 suspended from public speaking for the time being. 844 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Muhammad on President Kennedy: Nation Still Mourns Death 845 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 While the Nation of Islam publicly ??? for the slayed president, the leadership announced 846 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 the silencing of Malcolm X for 90 days. 847 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He was to give no speeches and to have no contect with the press. 848 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 We were doing alot of Kennedy Stories and therer was going to be a little one talking about 849 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm having been suspended. 850 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 I was expecting to pick up the phone and I'd get a quote and that would be it. 851 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 This case he hold me on the phone for longer than I expected. 852 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 And he sounded upset, he sounded worried and it was the first time I ever sensed vulnerabilty 853 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 in this guy who I've always been accustomed to ??? think of as an extremely strong man. 854 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Will censure of Malcolm X lead to split in muslims? 855 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Newspapers predicted a power struggle within the nation of islam. 856 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 It was later learned the FBI fed stories to local reporters in an attempt to deepen the rift 857 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 between Malacolm and Elijah Muhammed. 858 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm, isolated and exhausted, accepted an invitation to Miami. 859 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Where young heavy weight conteder Cassius Clay was training for his championship bout against Sunny Liston. 860 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ??? member of the nation, Clay had been visiting muslim temples for two years and 861 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 had asked malcolm to help him mentally prepare for the fight against Liston. 862 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Well going to Florida for my family was honeymoon. My parents refered to it as a honeymoon. 863 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Of course its significance of us going as a family was a much stronger and meaningful for them. 864 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 For us it was just an opportunity to be with each other. 865 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But as my mother and father talked about it it was the first time in their real life as a marital union. 866 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 that they had time for themselves. 867 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Malcolm offered to bring Cassius Clay into the Nation of Islam in exchange for his own 868 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 reinstatement. 869 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 But the nations hirarchy ignored Malcolms offer. 870 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 LIke most of america they saw the young boxer as a loud mouth with little chance of 871 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 beating Lister. 872 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 As Malcolm watched from ring side the young Clay wore down the older champion. 873 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 At the beginning of the 7th round a batted Liston could not come out of his corner. 874 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 Clay had become the new heavy weight champion of the world. 875 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 ??? poetry on number seven. 876 99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999 He wanted to go to heaven, so I took him ???.