9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Wer hat Euch beigebracht Eure Hautfarbe zu hassen?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Wer hat Euch beigebracht die Beschaffenheit Eurer Haare zu hassen?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Wer hat Euch beigebracht die Form Eurer Nase zu hassen? Und die Form Eurer Lippen?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Wer hat Euch beigebracht Euch selbst von Kopf bis Fuss zu hassen?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Wer hat Euch beigebracht Euer eigenes Volk zu hassen?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Wer hat Euch beigebracht die Rasse der Ihr angehöft zu hassen?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Und zwar so sehr, dass Ihr nicht unter Euer Gleichen sein wollt?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Bevor ihr fragt, ob Mr. Muhammad Hass lehrt, solltet Ihr Euch fragen

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
wer Euch beigebracht hat das zu hassen, was Gott aus Euch gemacht hat.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Die meisten von uns Schwarzen, oder "Negros" wie sie uns nannten, glaubten wirklich wir wären frei.[br]

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ohne zu merken, dass in unserem Unterbewusstsein die Ketten die wir los zu sein glaubten, immer noch da waren.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Das Bedürfnis vom Weissen Mann anerkannt zu werden trieb uns in viellerlei Hinsicht an.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm wollte diese Wahrnehmung der Minderwertigkeit bekämpfen.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Er wusste, dass es mühevoll sein würde und dass manche Leute einen töten würden um das zu verhindern,[br]

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
aber er wagte es dieses Risiko auf sich zu nehmen.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Er sagte etwas, das über Jenes was andere Anführer zu jener Zeit meinten hinausging.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Während die anderen Anführer um Einlass in das Haus ihrer Unterdrücker bettelten, sagte er dir ein eigenes Haus zu bauen.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Er vertrieb die Furcht der Afro-Amerikaner und sagte: "Ich werde laut aussprechen was wir uns denken."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ihr werdet sehen, die Leute werden davon hören und uns nicht unbedingt was antun.[br]

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Aber ich spreche nicht für die Massen."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Er sagte das auf eine starke, männliche Art die aussagte:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Ich habe keine Angst davor das auszusprechen was wir uns all die Jahre nur gedacht haben."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Deshalb liebten wir ihn. Er sagte es offen, nicht hinter verschlossenen Türen.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Er hat sich für uns mit Amerika angelegt.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Und ich jedenfalls, als Muslim, glaube, dass der Weisse Mann klug genug ist.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Wenn wir ihm verständlich machen könnten was die Schwarzen wirklich denken [br]

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
und wie satt wir es haben, ganz ohne kontraproduktiven Schmeicheleien.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Nun, ihr macht es euch ja selbst schwer.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Der Weisse Mann glaubt Euch die Schmeicheleien, weil ihr ihm schmeichelt seit er Euch hierhergebracht hat.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Hört auf damit.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Sagt ihm was Ihr denkt! Sagt ihm in welcher Hölle Ihr euch befindet.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Dass er kein Haus haben sollte, wenn er es nicht in Ordnung bringen kann.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Es sollte Feuer fangen und verbrennen.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Schon fast das ganze Jahrhundert haben die Schwarzen in diesen Strassen in Harlem ihre Kultur gefeiert.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
und die Rassenfrage in Amerika diskutiert.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Hier reihte sich Malcolm zum ersten Mal bei den Strassen-Rednern ein, die den Hoffnungen und dem Zorn von Harlem eine Stimme liehen.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ich lehrte Nationalismus und will raus aus dem Land des Weissen Mannes,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
denn Integration wird nie stattfinden.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So lange Ihr lebt werdet Ihr euch nicht ins System des Weissen Mannes integrieren können!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
125te Strasse und 7te Avenue. was das Zentrum der Aktivitäten der Strassen-Redner. <<

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Als Malcolm dazu stiess hatte er eigentlich keinen Standort.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Also etablierte er seinen Platz vor dem Buchgeschäft von Elder Michaux.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Als Malcolm die kleine Plattform bestieg, konnte er für die ersten vier oder fünf Minuten nichts sagen.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The people would be making such a ??? shout to him. And he was standing, taking his due.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And then he would open his mouth.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They call Mr. Muhammed a hate teacher. Because he makes you hate dope and alcohol.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They call Mr. Muhammed a black surpremacist, because he teaches you and me not only that

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we are as good as the white man, but better than the white man.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You are better than the white man.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And that's not saying anything. You don't ?? to be equal to him. Who is he to be equal with?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Look as his skin. You can't compare your skin with his skin, while your skin looks like gold beside his skin.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There was a time when we used to drool in the mouth over white people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We thought that they ??? and that we were ??? We were dumb.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We couldn't see them as they are.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Since the honorable Elijah Muhammed has come and taught us the religion of islam ?? clean us up

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and ?? so we can see for ourselves. Now we can see ?? pale things to look exactly as we look.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Nothing but an old pale thing/face ??

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I came away from that rally feeling that with him, once you heard him speak you never went back

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to where you were before. Even if you kept your position you had to re-think it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We weren't accustomed of being told that we were devils and that we were oppressors up here in our northern ???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was speaking for a silent mass of black people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And saying it out front on the devils own airwaves.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And that was an acto of war.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When he came off the stage I jumped off the ???, walked up to him

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and of course when I got to him the Bodyguards moved in front.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he just pushed them away and I went in front of him, extended my hand

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and said: "I like some of what you said. I didn't agree with all what you said, but

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I liked some of what you said."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He looked at me, held my hand in a very gentle fasion and said: "One day you will, siter". And he smiled.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
To make his message clear, Malcolm used his own life as a lesson to all black americans.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He preched it in fables and parables. And later in writing his autobiography with Alex Haley,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
he sought some control in how his life would be interpreted in the future.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I would be rather ??? taken by a statement that he made of himself.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He would say: "I am a part of all I admit." And by that he meant that all the things

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
he had done in his earlier life had exposed him to things, that taught him skills of ???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
...all of which had synthesized ??? into the Malcolm who became the spokesman for the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Nation of Islam.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You were born in Omaha, is that right? - Yes sir.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And your family left Omaha when you were about one year old? ???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I imagine about a year old.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Why did they leave Omaha? - To my understanding the Ku Klux Klan burned down one of their homes in Omaha.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This made your family very unhappy I'm sure. - Well, insecure if not unhappy.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So you must have a somewhat prejudiced POV, a personally prejudiced POV.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You cannot look at this in a broad academic sort of way. - I think this ain't correct.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Because despite the fact that that happened in Ohama and then when we moved to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Lansing, Michigan our home was burned down again. My father was killed by the Ku Klux Klan.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And despite all of that no one was more thoroughly integrated with whites than I.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
No one had lived more so in the society with whites than I.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We were the only black children in the neighbourhood.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
On the back of our property we had a wooded area.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So the white kids would all come to our house and they'd go back and play in the woods.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So Malcolm would say: "Let's go play Robin Hood." So we would go back there and play

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Robin Hood and Robin Hood was Malcolm.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And these white kids ???.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm said he was the lightest skinned of the seven children born to Earl and Louis Little.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A reminder, he said, of the white man who had raped his mothers mother.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In 1929, when Malcolm was 4 years old his father, a carpenter and preacher moved the family

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to Lansing Michigan.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Lansing was a small town and the west side was the side of town the blacks lived on.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm and his family lived outside of the city.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And they had a four acre parcel with a small house on it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So they were sort of considered as farmers.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Three months after the Littles moved in white neighbours took legal action to evict them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A county judge ruled that the farm property was restricted to whites only.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But Earl Little refused to move.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Here in Michigan, Klu Klux Klan Membership was at least 7.000.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Five times more than in Mississippi.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
For Malcolms family white hostility was a fact of life.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Everybody was asleep in our house and all of a sudden we heard a big boom.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And when we woke up fire was everywhere.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And everybody was running into the walls and into each other, you know?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
What I recall about that was my mother telling us: "Get up, get up, get up! The house is on fire! Get out!"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That's what I actually recall.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I could hear my mother yelling, I could hear my father yelling.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And so they made sure they got us all rounded up and got us out.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The house burned down to the ground. No fire wagon came. Nothing. We were burned out.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolms father Earl Little accused local whites of setting the fire. The police accuse Earl and

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
arrested him on suspicion on arson. The charges were later dropped.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In the city where we grew up whites would refer to us as "Those uppity Niggers" or

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Those smart Niggers who live outside of town."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In those days whenever a white person refered to you as a "Smart Nigger" that was their way

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
of saying a "Nigger you have to watch" because he's not dumb.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
My father was independent. He didn't want anybody to feed him.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He wanted to raise his own food. He didn't want anybody to exercise authority over his children.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He wanted to exercise the authority and he did.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was always speaking in terms of Marcus Garvey's way of thinking and trying to get black

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
people to organize themselves. Not to cause any trouble but just to work in unity with each other

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
toward improving their conditions.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But in those days if you did that you were still considered a trouble maker.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In the 1920's Marcus Garvey, a black nationalist preached that black americans should build a nation

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
independent of white society.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
With memberships in the hundreds of thousands Garvey's "Universal Negro Improvement

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Association" sought closer ties with african countries.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The UNIA had its own flag, its own National Anthem and and african legioun pledged to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
defend black people at home and abroad.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The US Bureau of Investigation labeled Garvey one of the prominent Negro agitators.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The federal government deported him in 1927 but Malcolm's parents remained Garvey-ans.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Earl recruited new members, Louise wrote for the Garvey newspaper.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
My mother was the one who would read to us the Garvey paper which was called "The Negro world".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And she also would talk to us about ourselves being independent ???.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We shouldn't be calling ourselves Negros or Niggers and that we were black people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That we should be proud to call ourselves black people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
What is your real name? - Maclolm X.[br]Is that your legal name? - As far as I'm

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
concerned it is my legal name.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Would you mind telling me what your fathers last name was=

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
My father didn't know his last name. My father got his last name from his grandfather and his

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
grandfather got it from his grandfather who got it from the slave master.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The real names of our people were destroyed during slavery - Was there any line, any point

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in the genealogy of your family when you did have to use the last name, and if so, what was it?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The last name of my forefathers was taken from them when they were brought to America

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and made slaves and then the name of their slavemaster was given which we refuse. We reject

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that name today... - [br]You mean you won't even tell me what your fathers

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
supposed last name was or gifted last name was?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I never acknowledge it whatsoever.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
September 1931. Malcolm was six years old when his mother had a premonition.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We were all in the house and had dinner, supper together.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And my mother was holding Wesley, who was my youngest brother.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And she ??? nursing him 'cause when she fell asleep nursing, holding the baby ???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
My father had gotten up and went into the bedroom ??? to clean up and to go down

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and collect money.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And she woke up and she said: "Earl, don't go downtown! If you go you won't come back."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That night around 11 o'clock Earl Little was found in an isolated area outside Lansing.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
His body almost cut in to by the wheels of a streetcar.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The police reported Earl Littles death an accident.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There was a cloud over that whole issue, because at that time there was perceive that rather

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
than an accident with a streetcar that Rev. Little had really been pushed under the wheels of

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the streetcar. As a matter of fact I remember hearing just that language, that he was probably pushed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
under the wheels of that street car.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
My fathers death caused great, great shock in the family, because he was the power. He was the strenght.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We were an organized and structured family. When we got out of school, me and my brothers

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and sisters we'd come right home and go to work.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In the garden, clean the chicken shed and get ready for the night.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And get up in the morning and all of this. We'd pump the water and bring in the house.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This was ??? dad was alive. Because to not do this brought the consequences of a whipping.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So we were disciplined.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And than after my father got killed and my mothers inability to run as fast as I could run

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
or Malcolm enabled us to get away with a lot of things we wouldn't even have tried get away with.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So we got looser and looser.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Louise Little struggled to raise her seven children through the years of gread depression.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She was reduced to where shehad no income. She tried get jobs ???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She was a proud lady. She had a lot of pride.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She sold. She ?? people. She did alot of things not to be dependent sorely on welfare.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She didn't like them telling her but she could ???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And this is one of the main things that devestated her more than anything else.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As time whent by you could see she was wearing down.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
For seven years as Malcolm grew into adolescents his mother slowly withdrew from her family.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Two days vefore christmas 1938, Louise Little was diagonosed as paranoid and was sent to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Kalamazoo State Hospital.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When I came home from school one day and she wasn't there. I can remember feeling empty

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
'cause my mother would never left us. ???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I felt the pain of her being gone everyday and it was only gonna be a couple of weeks.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She was gonna get better and come right back home. And it turned into years.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Louise Little would remain in Kalamazoo for the next 26 years.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The 13 year old Malcolm watched as the court split up his family.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Assigning the younger children to foster homes in Lansing and sending him to a white community

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
ten miles away.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In the past the greatest weapon the white man has had has been his ability to devide and

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
conquer.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When I take my hand and slap you, you don't even feel it. It might sting you because this digits are seperated.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But all I have to do to put you back in your place is bring those digits together.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was a man who in the eight grade in Michigan, a school where I think he was the only black

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in his class and one of the very few in the school have been an outstanding straight A student.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You know who had been incited ??? president of his class.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And all the others were white in the eight grade and obviously he had to be exceptional to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
be those things.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And then you had the Malcolm who had left school and who had gone to Roxbury, Massachusetts

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
where he had gotten his first exposure to what might loosely ??? be told hustling.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I called myself a little Hustler up in Roxbury in those days.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And this particular day ??? Malcolm X had come into Buscity???, had on his zoot suit with the wide

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
??? had with the long 3/4 lenght coat ?? with the chain that went down to your ankles.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The last time I recall, Cab Calloway used that outfit for his stage uniform.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When Malcolm left Lansing he had nothing but an old square suit on. White man suit as I call it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When he came back from Boston, oh Lord, Malcolm had a zoot suit on him and a wide brim hat with

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
a chain from his hat down to his lapel. He was the top of the town. Everybody was talking

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
about Malcolm.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When he was dancing on the floor, and he was floating around those pants ??? like he was a floating balloon.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And that coat was like a wing. The way he'd be dancing ??? flying around with that big ???.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And this used to really shake up the girls.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In Boston they called him "New York Red" in New York they called him "Detroid Red".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
?????????

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he had pictures of him and Billy Holiday and all these people of that time out there.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Who were just being made known to the rest of the black world.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm works the kitchen crew on the New Haven Railroad between Boston, New York

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and Washington DC.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In 1942 he moved to Harlem and at age 17 began travelling in a world of ??? after hour clubs and small time hustlers.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He had reached a point at where he said: "You'll never make it on this janitory jobs and selling

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
sandwiches on these trains and shining shoes and stuff like that. You never will get anywhere."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He had the reputation of being a hustler.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That he was a street person but he was a hustler.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was a con man.????

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When the white folks ??? came out at night and they wanted black women, he could arrange for

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
them to get them. If they wanted bootleg-whiskey he knew where to get it. If they wanted drugs he knew where to get it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He made it possilbe. He knew what they wanted and he knew where to get it and he would be

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in the middle where he could make a profit off of it. And this is the way he started doing it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Looking back at that time, Malcolm said: "Only three things worried him.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Jail, a job and the army.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
To avoid derving in WW2 he told his draft board that he wanted to organize black soldiers to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
kill whites.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was judged unfit for the military.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolms gambling and drugs and Harlems night life were expensive.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He had already been arrested twice for petty crimes.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When he moved back to Austin back in 1945 he organized a gang to burglurise homes of prominent families.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The other gang members included his friend Malcolm Jarvis, his white girlfriend B. and

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
two other white women.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This girl knew that these people were down to Florida that time of the year. There was nobody

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
home, so we broke into the house and we'd get some of their valuables and Malcolm would take

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
most of the stuff and pawn it and get money for his gambling habit.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
After two weeks of doing this that's when the case broke ??? when he made the mistake of going to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the pawn shop to retrieve a watch with over a thousand dollars that came out of one of

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the houses. That's when he was arrested by three police men.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm Little, Malcolm Jarvis and the three women were charged with breaking and entering.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The fact that two black men were with white women becaome an issue in the court.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm was definitely involved with two white women and this is what made the case so

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
powerful. So outrages.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The women testified that Malcolm had forced them to participate in the burglaries.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The two men received the maximum sentence. 8-10 years in state prison.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When they sentenced us, I went out of my mind. I reached up and grabbed the bars of the cage and

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I shook them, almost shook them right up off the floor, and I hollered at the judge. And I said to him,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"You might as well kill me as to give me 10 years in jail."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Well, I was they call a mad negro. I was one.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I knew what I saw was real. I knew there wasn't anything funny about it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I knew that when they laughed all together they were laughing: "Look what we did. We doing it to the Negro."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Then they had the unintimitadet gall

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to ask the girls, before they took them out of there, to press charges against us for rape.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The girls wouldn't do it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm Little was 20 years old, facing 8-10 years in state prison.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He had wandered far from the Garvey pride and independence his parents had preached.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was now prisoner number 22843.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
To have once been a criminal is no disgrace.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
To remain a criminal is the disgrace.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I formerly was a criminal. I formerly was in prison.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I'm not ashamed of that. You never can use that over my head, and he is using the wrong stick.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I don't feel that stick.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They charged Jesus with sedition.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Didn't they do that?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They said he was against Cesar.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They said he was discriminating because he told his desciples, :

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Go not the way of the gentiles, but rather go to the lost sheep.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Got to the people who don't know who they are. Who are lost from the knowledge of themselves.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And who are strangers in a land that is not theirs.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Go to those people! Go to the slaves! Go to the second class citizens!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Go to the ones who are suffering the wrath of Cesars brutality!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And if Jesus were here in america today he wouldn't be going to the white man.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The white man is the oppressor! He would be going to the oppressed. He would be going to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the humble. He would be going to the ???. He would be going to the rejected and the despised.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He would be going to the so called american negro.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Prison 1946

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Behind prison walls Malcolm hustled bets, fed his drug habit and argued against the exiscante of god.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The men in his cell block called him "Satan".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But at the same time encouraged by an older black inmate, Malcolm began reading and taking

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
english courses.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm described vividly prison life.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That he was in effect lonely and limited ???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but had plans for....He was going to do a lot of reading.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he certainly did a lot of writing, because I think there were times when he probably

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
wrote me every week.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
During the second year in prison his brothers and sisters wrote to him about what they

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
called "The natural religion for the black man".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A religion that taught that black people were the original people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That god was black and was called Allah.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They told Malcolm that they were now a part of the Nation of Islam.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Followers of the honorable Elijah Muhammed, the messenger of Allah.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I think Islam is one of the greatest religion of all time for all people of america.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The so called american negro have to be completely re-educated.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And Islam gives him that qualification that he can feel proud and does not feel ashamed to be

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
called a black man.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I came into the muslim movement in 1947. And then started to bring my brothers and sisters in.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We already had been indoctrinated with americas ??? philosophy.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So they didn't have anything to do wiht convincing us about we were black and should be proud,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we were already that when we came in.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So I wrote to Malcolm and told him about...I said to him: "If you will believe in Allah,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that he would get out of prison.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And that's all I wrote because I know that he had very low tolerance for religion and I didn'T

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
intend to use that tolerance.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm's brothers and sisters wrote the young prisoner that black people in america were

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
part of a lost tribe. Soon to be delivered out of bondage. And that whites, according to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Elijah Muhammed - were a race of devils whose domination on earth was about to end.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
At first he liked every bit of it except one thing he couldn't understand.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And that was the part that we were teaching about the white man being the devil.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm wrote to Elijah Muhammed. And Elijah Muhammed answered.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And when he answered he would recite the part of ??? scripture.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And then he gave him the key. He said the key the bible is this book, that everything that takes

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
place in this bible is on this earth.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So you don't have to die to go to hell, you can catch ??? hell while you are living.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And the white man is the one that is putting the hell on you.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Well, that's a very convincing teaching, especiall when you use the white mans history to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
coraborate this.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm began reading history, philosophy and religion. The writing of D.E.B Debois, Shakespeare, Sokrates, The Fables of ???, The lives

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
of Gandhi and Ned Turner.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he finds all this history of how white christians lynched black christians.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
White christians were the once who were involved in the slave trade. Those were christians.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So Malcolm began to see this and then he began to study it himself and prove that if there is such

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
a thing as a real devil on this earth it has to be the white man.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Elijah Muhammed told Malcolm to submit to Allah.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But for Malcolm submission would always be difficult.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It took a week before he could force himself to bow in prayer.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Later, to help spread the teachings of Elijah Muhammed, Malcolm joined the prison debate team.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Competing about visiting college teams from harvard and MIT.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That's when Malcolms name and fame started to spread amongst the prison population.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And, as the population started to grow at the debating classes, most of the fellas used to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
come over out of curiosity, just to hear him speak.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In 1950 Malcolm wrote to the Governor demanding the right to practice the muslim religion in prison.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
His letters would later end up in FBI files.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The Bureau had been keeping a close watch on the Nation of Islam since the late 1930s.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm considered a trouble maker, was denied an early parole.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was not eligible to be led out at that time because he had been a threat to society.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They considered him dangerous.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Knowledge-wise and otherwise, religious-wise.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He would have been like a rotten appel in a box full of a thousand. He was gonna spoil many.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
On August 7th 1952, after six and a half years in prison Malcolm was released.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Within a month he was accepted into the nation of islam.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm Little had become Malcolm X.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How did you happen to join the muslim movement?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I was in prison. I was a very wayward criminal, backward, illiterate, uneducated and whatever

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
other negative characteristics you could think of, type of person.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Until I heard the teachings of the honorable Elijah Muhammed. And because of the impact that it

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
had upon me, in giving me a desire to reform myself and rehabilitate myself for the first time

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in my life. Also to be able to see the effect that it had upon others. This is what made me accept it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I noticed that after being exposed to the religious teachings of the honorable

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Elijah Muhammed immediately it instilled within me such a high degree of racial pride and racial

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
dignity that I wanted to be somebody.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I realized that I couldn't be somebody by begging the white man for what he had.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But that I had to get out of here and try to do something for myself or make somethign out

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
of myself.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The first time that I recalled seeing Malcolm was at the home of my father, honorable Elijah Muhammed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I saw a thin ?? man, tall man, young man, ???. He was just meeting you, the first thing

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you would get from him was a smile.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He said: "This is Wallace!"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I smiled at him. I was happy to see him because I had heard of him too.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he said: "The messengers son." And he was so excited about the messenger.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Really it wasn't just seeing Wallace, it was seeing the messengers son.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When Malcolm came out he was just so full of fire. He had gotten so full of fire, that he got out at the right time at

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the right place so could expound ???.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He came to Detroit, he was surprised to find there was such few people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
??? powerful deity in his mind.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he says: "I'm surprised that you are sitting here and so many empty seats.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Everytime you come out here this place should be full.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And that excited the honorable Elijah Muhammed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In the early 1950s the Nation of Islam was unknown in most black communities.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Total membership was believed to be no more than 400 people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm was sent on the road to spread the message.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Within two years he helped organize temples in Boston, Hartford and Philadelphia.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Elijah Muhammed then named Malcolm Minister of the most important temple on the east coast.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Harlems temple number 7.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Mr. Muhammed knew that Malcolm had experience. That he knew New York.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He also knew, that he was that kind of men - complexion, height, speech and courage - all has

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to be taken into consideration, when you select a man to stand before the people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Plus, this is an international city.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You got to have your best in New York. And

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
this is why Mr. Muhammed selected him.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In 1955, when Elijah Muhammed visited the New York temple it was to inspect the work of the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
ambitioned and outspoken minister, who had transformed tiny storefronts along the east coast

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
into a congregation of thousands.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm X and Elijah Muhammeds massage made a whole lot of people feel whole again.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Human being again.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Some of them came out and found a new meaning to their manhood and their womanhood.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Had Elijah Muhammed tried to introduced an orthodox form of ??? oriented islam,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I doubt if he would've attracted 500 people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But he introduced a form of islam that could communicate with the people he had to deal with.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was the king to those who had no king.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was the messiah to those some people thought unworthy of a messiah.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The ??? thing is that Elijah Mudammed is like nothing I have ever taken. Like some medicine.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You see. A medicine that has cured me of all my ???. I was a sick man.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When I embraced the teachings of honorable Elijah Muhammed, these teachings cured me

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
of decease. I'm a well man now. I feel good.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As long as you stay with the doctor you continue to be good - Yes sir.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
What about you? How do feel about the honorable Elijah Muhamed? - Honorable Elijah Muhammed

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is trying to teach all of ??? people they are ???. - Go ahead brother. - Elijah Muhammed tries to wake them up.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Inside muslim temples no white people were allowed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Members worked to build a self sufficiant community.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Thounded on strict rules and absolute obedience.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The nation set up muslim schools for its children.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Teaching mathematics, sciene, history and arabic.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Who is the original man?"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"The original man is the ??? black man"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"The makers of all?? and the king of planet earth"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Muslim women studied nutrition, child bearing and guidlines on how to care about their husband.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Muslim man studied parental responsibility, history and religion.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The elite core, called "The fruit of Islam" was trained in hand to hand combat and was

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
expected to protect the temples and to punish any members who spoke out against the messanger.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I was surprised when I went to some of the muslim families. The faith that they had in the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Elijah Muhammed and in Malcolm.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I asked one father: "Suppose your son came home one day and told you that he renounced the muslim

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
religion."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He said: "I would turn him from my door and I would never allow him in again."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So I asked Malcolm. He said: "He meant it and he would do it."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I said: "Not worry about what would happen to his son?"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"No, he wouldn't worry about what would happen to him. His allegiance is to Elijah Muhammed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
To help expand the Nation of Islam Malcolm created a newspaper: "Muhammed speaks".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And persuaded other black newspapers to carry the messengers weekly column.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
His strenght was, once he believed in a thing he would give anything he had to it. All of his energy.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He'd become a workaholic. He'd work day and night for it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He only required around 4 hours of sleep.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And many times he wouldn't even get that.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Than you just kind of wonder: "How can anybody keep up that kind of ???". But he did it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Day in and day out.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Plus, on top of that he's reading. He's reading papers, keeping up with what the news is.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's just a person that's too ??? to life in such a way.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That he doesn't miss too much of it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
At age 32, after devoting 5 years to building the Nation, he sought the approval of Elijah Muhammed

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to merry sister Betty X. A college edubated member of Harlems temple number 7.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In the years that followed the demands of his ministry allowed little time for his growing family.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He sometime, if I could catch up, he would have to read to the children. They would always want

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the story read again. So that they would really just wait that he was on the last page and say: "Read it again."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He started giving the books different endings.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He had a beautiful sense of humor. Especially if he was kidding me about pork.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
????

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You're a decent human being, smart historian. I give you 99 as a human being and you stop eating

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
pork I gonna give you a hundred.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A beautiful sense of humor plus the fact that when you got to know him he was kinda shy.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm was now in the nation of islams inner circle.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Elijah Muhammeds most visible represantitive.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He had the messengers confidence and the loyalty of thousands of muslims.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In a sense Malcolm had found a father. Elijah Muhammed had found another son.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
God's Angry Men tangle with police.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Riot threat as cops beat moslem.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
On an april night in 1957 a muslim brother was beaten by New York City police.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
His skull fractured, Johnson Hanton lay in a backroom of a Harlem police station.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When word spread that Hanton was dying Malcolm ordered the muslims into the streets.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Other Harlem residents joined them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The community had endured a long history of police brutality.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Many considered the police an occupying force.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
18th precinct was notorious for their prejudice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
??????

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That was the first time that anyone had marched on to 28th precinct in protest to something that

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
they felt wasn't right.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I don't know what would have happened in Harlelm that night because the atmosphere was

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
not... I think the word to use is charged. Well, this atmosphere was explosive.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm demande medical treatment for Hinton.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
After a long negotiation police agreed to send the prisoner to Harlem hospital.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But even then the muslims diffused to disperse.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This seargant came out and tried to chase ??? the muslims who were standing across the street.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And Malcolm came out and told him: "You can't do that. They're not gonna move for you. I'll send them away."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He went out to the front of the station on the first step and just waved his hand and the people walked away.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A police commissioner on the scene remarked: "That's too much power for one man to have."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm would later take New York city to court and win the largest police brutality settlement

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in the cities history.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They realized that anytime a person could wave his hand and have a large number of people

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
automatically move away without any conversation, that by the same token that same

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
man could wave his hand and cause those people to create some kind of disturbance if he wanted to.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I believe from that point on the police department and the political people in New York City realized

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that they had a significant force in the city to deal with.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The hate that hate produced.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Good evening I'm Mike Wallace.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Last week on news beat our 6:30 news program on January 13, we presented a five part series

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which we called the hate that hate produced.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The study of the rise of black racism.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Of a call for black supremacy among a small but growing segment of the american negro population.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We have come to here??? and to see the greatest and wisest and most ...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This 1959 documentary was the first television portrayal of the internal activities of the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
nation of Islam.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm saw the television program as an opportunity. Elijah Muhammed was against it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Mr. Muhammed told malcolm no. It wasn't gonna do any good.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
All it would do is hurt us. ??? we were trying to do.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm wasn't satisfied. He didn't insist but he continued to ask Mr. Muhammed, could he do it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Mr. Muhammed reluctantly agreed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"The Trial," Nation of Islam Play. -[br]I charge the white man with being the greates liar on earth.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"The Trial," Nation of Islam Play. -[br]I charge the white man, ladies and gentlemen of

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the jury with being the greatest murder on earth.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I charge the white man of being the greatest adultere on earth, so therefor...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Here was this auditorium overflowing. Thousands of people about ??? an organization

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I knew nothing about. I found it difficult to critic when I saw it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And of course when we put it on the air, New Yorkers - cause that's all that saw it - were stunned.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There was this organisation, "The Black Muslims", about which white New Yorkers simply knew nothing.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Minister Malcolm X, as he addresses a non-muslim audience.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How could so few white people rule so many black people? This is the thing you should wanna know.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How could so few...The white man today will tell you that thousands of years ago, the black man

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in africa was living in palaces.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The black man in africa was wearing silk.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The black man in africa was cooking and seasoning his food.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The black man in africa had mastered arts and the sciences.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He knew the course of the stars in the universe before the man up in Europe knew that the earth

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
wasn't flat.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Is that right or wrong?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I was amazed at his ??? to communicate. And at the naked honesty with which he expressed his

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
feelings about black people or the white people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He scared me. I'm sure he intended to. But certainly??? after I saw him in The hat that hate produced

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I knew that I would never forget this man.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When I first saw Malcolm on the television, he scared me also. ???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
turn off that television. That man is saying stuff you aint supposed to hear.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So of course we did. But always, you know when the sun comes into the window and you jump up

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to get it, to close the blinds or pull down the shades, but before you do that the sun comes in?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Well, before each time we turned the televition off a little sun came in.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
While the documentary helped bring in new converts, the racial views of the Naition of Islam

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
shocked white america and many in the black community.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Preaching of racial hatred and racial advantage and the bigotry involved is a bad thing

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
wheter it's colored or white. For years the NAAPD has been opposed to white extremists preaching

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
hatred of nagro people and we are equally opposed of negro extremists preaching against

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
white people simple for the sake of whiteness.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Most in the civil rights movement believed that integration was the way to solve americas racial problems.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But Malcolm preached that black people were able to solve their own problems without the help of whites.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
At a time when black americans began to identify with freedom movements in africa and latin america,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm developed alliances with revolutionary leaders from around the world.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He encouraged to see themselves not as a minority but as a part of a world majority.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The riots ??? of african nations ??? with the spread with the nation of islam.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And the civil rights movement. Gave black america a burst of pride.over and above anything we had had.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
since the decline of the movement of Marcus Garvin.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
will ??? wipe away our tears. That's the benifit of our unity.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They are passing the basket through the crowd and I think anybody standing here should put

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
one dollar in that basket. Don't you think you should? Sure, this are freedom dollars, brothers.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We're not asking you to give us some money to make us rich, we put up business. The honorable

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Elijah Muhammed had set up more business than any black man in america.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The Nation Of Islam with its interlocking corporations was now reputed to be the largest

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
black owned business empire in the united states.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The Nation of Islam, during the early 60s was perhaps enjoying its best days.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We were opening restaurants and grocery stores and seen the Muhammed speaks paper compete

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
with other black papers.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We've seen Malcolm on television kind of frequently. We were proud of him. In our opinion

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
he was doing an excellent job of representing the honorable Elijah Muhammed and the Nation of Islam.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We were seeing the Fruit of Islam not just exercising in some small facilities but seeing them

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
great numbers, hundreds of them, on the streets of big cities like Chicago, New York and Los Angeles.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
My view on the Fruit of Islam was that these were the absolute baddest, cleanest brothers

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that I had seen in my life.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There was some bad blood, you don't understand? I mean you did not mess with FOI. When they came

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
out in the street people would say: "Yes sir!".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The growing presence of the Fruit of Islam attracted police attention. There were increasing

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
numbers of confrontations and arrests.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm warned that members of the FOI would always obey the law, but would also defend

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
themselves if attacked.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In cities across america police agencies were determined to contain the black muslims.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It was only a matter of time until the two forces would again collide.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
On a spring night in 1962 another confrontation.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It began as a stop and search of muslim men delivering dry cleaning.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It ended with a full police assault on the muslim temple.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This time 8 men were shot. 1 Police officer and 7 muslims.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Temple secretary Ronald Stokes was dead at the scene.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I arrived at the mosque in Los Angeles after the shootin took place.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There was great sadness amongst people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm was walking back and forth shaking his head: "They're gonna pay for it."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If anyone would break into our temples we would defend it with our lives. The temple was sacred.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And those brothers, they acted on what they were taught. And I'm sure that anyone seeing police

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
break into a church would be outraged.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This didn't cause us a great surprise to us, the fact that they would resist our police officers and

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
cause trouble because we have been watching this group for a long time and Chief Parker

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
warned some time ago that we might have trouble with them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Muslims riot. Kultist killed, policeman shot.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The Los Angeles times reported the insident as a muslim riot and a wild gun fight.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Four Wounded, 26 taken into custody; two officers beaten.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Muslims shoot, beat police in wild gunfight. [br]But it was never proven that any of the guns fired

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Muslims shoot, beat police in wild gunfight. [br]belonged to the muslims.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm called for churches and civil rights organisations to form a united fund with the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
muslims against police brutality.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Let us remember that we are not brutalised because we are baptist.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We are not brutalised because we're methodists,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We are not brutalised because we're muslims,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we are not brutalised because we're catholic.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We are brutalised because we are black people in america.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I'm telling you they came out of those cars and we have enough witnesses to hang them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
With their guns smoking. Chief Parker knows this, Mayor ??? knows this and every police official in the city knows that.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They didn't fire no warning shots in the air. They fired warning shots point blank at innocent,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
unarmed, defenseless negroes.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Cause I say, two of the brothers were shot in the back.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Another was shot in the shoulder.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Two of them was shot - excuse the expression - through the penis.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Let me tell you something. You say, we hate white people? We don't hate anybody.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We love our own people so much they think we hate the ones who are inflicting injustice against them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Coroner's INquest 1962

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Patrolman Donald Wease, the officer who killed Ronald Stokes testified that he knew Stokes

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
was unarmed but that Stokes had raised his hand in a menacing way.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The all white coroners jury deliberated 22 minutes and found the death a justifiable homicide.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
14 muslims were then ordered to stand trial on assault charges.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
11 would be found guilty and sentenced to prison.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We were people that sayin ???: "Never be the aggressor but if someone attacks you, we do

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
not teach you to turn the other cheek."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There were muslims who were not from the east coast, but from other parts of the country, that

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
would actually ?? to go out there and kill those police officers even though they may have

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
been killed in the process of doing it. But that's how strong the attitude of muslims was

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
against those brothers just being shot like that.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Muhammad speakes: Court sets murdere free!"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The conflict of the Los Angeles mosque brought to the surface the growing differences between

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm X and Elijah Muhammed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The messenger insisted Allah would evange Stokes death, but Malcolm demanded justice

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in the courts.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Would it have been possible for them to get a fair trial ther would be no necessity for a trial at all.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
These are the victims of police bullets and you don't take the victims to court as a criminal.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You take the one who shot the victim to court. And it is the police who should be on trial here in Los Angeles.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm began to talk less and less about god is going to get rid of the caucasian.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he began to talk about how we were gonna be able to bring him to justice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And make them guilty and that they are not guilty according to the law of the land. ???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That was not our argument at all. Our argument was that we were devine people and that

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we would be protected and finally delivered. Put into the seat of authority by Allah.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That was our teaching at that time.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
To avoid further confrontations with city authorities, Elijah Muhammed summoned

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm to a meeting at the messengers home.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Elijah Muhammed told him very definitely: "If you had reacted the way you should have reacted,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
have had more faith in Allah, Ronald Stokes would be alive."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That was it. ???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And Malcolm said ????

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He just listened.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Mr. Muhammed told him: "That's one man that we lost. I never did tell you that we were going to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
lose anyone. But that's the way it is when you build an alligience???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He said: "They were wrong. But if I send my followers out there to do battle with those people

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in an alley??, undercover or on top of the cover, they will get slaughtered and I'm not gonna do that.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And Malcolm didn't like that.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm had always said: "Muslims don't back down." In Harlem he had now to explain

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
what happened in Los Angeles.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ronald Stokes was not the least ??? among the followers of the honorable Elijah Muhammed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was one of the highest.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was the secretary of our Los Angeles mosque.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And as we explained ??? on me, many of you thought that we should go right on out then,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and make war on the white man.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You wanted to do it yourself didn't you?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Didn't you?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You wanted some action then, didn't you?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Cause you don't like the idea of white people shooting black people down, do you?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And you're ready to do something about it? Aren't you?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We know you are and the white man should be thankful that god has given the honorable

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Elijah Muhammed the control over his followers that he has.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Told him to play it ??? cool, calm and collected.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And leave it in the hands of god.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In the months following the Los Angeles insident, Malcolms faiths in the messenger were further

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
tested by rumors about Elijah Muhammed private life.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Once a months he would go to Chicago to take money to Elijah Mohammed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he would always go to the side door.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And on this particular day, when he got to the side door there were three young ladies and they were

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
knocking and banging on the door: "Open the doodr, open the door! We need money for food,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
our children don't have this or the other."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He immediately felt that, number one he didn't belong there.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm had long dismissed stories that Elijah Muhammed had fathered eight children with

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
six of his secretaries. Now he approached the messengers son Wallace to confirm what he had

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
seen.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So I told him: "Yes, I know about that. You can see things but you don't wanna see it, so you just

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
block it out of your mind. I'm aware of secretaries having some kind of reletiaonship with my

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
father. ??? with their children. I've seen him take that children and somewhere in my consciousness

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I was sure I was ??? that that was his family, but I never accepted it to deal with it in my mind.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Never did I accept it to deal with it in my mind.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Officials in the nation accused Wallace Muhammed of starting rumors and

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
conspiring against his father.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The charge that I gave Malcolm information on my fathers domestic situation is true but only after

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm had already told me that he witnessed that sitiuation.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It gives me great pleasure and an honor and ??? at this time to introduce to you and present to you

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the messenger of Allah, your admired and beloved ??? teacher, the most honorable and humble

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Elijah Muhammed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm had submitted himself to Elijah Muhammed as his spiritual leader.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He never tried to see anything else.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And the things that he tried to put into practice himself, he thought were also being practiced

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
by his leader.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And when he found out differently, it just took all of the wind out of his sails.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In public the two men continued to embrace. In private suspicion had replaced faith.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The relationship was further complicated by Elijah Muhammeds failing health.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolms popularity vastly improved.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Number one, Mr. Muhammed was thinking he had bronchitis. So Mr. Muhammed went to ??? public meetings

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
maybe once, twice a year. That's it. And the rest of the time Malcolm was going everywhere.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It was Malcolm who sparked the growth of the Nation all over the country.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was in demand. Nobody was asking for Elijah Muhammed to speak, they were asking for

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm to speak. And naturally Malcolm got more involved with the civil rights struggle.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And his argument became more an argument that you would expect from someone who was in the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
civil rights struggle, then you would from someone who was following the honorable Elijah Muhammed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The 60s showed us the white man in an image that the Nation of Islam had cast him in.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In the image of a brutal person, you know. Turning the dogs out on the demonstrators.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Using the fire hoses. All this helped the Nation of Islam charge against the white race.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And made it possible for the Nation of Islams spokesman, Malcolm X, to get the press, to get

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the camera on him and to state what he had confidence in, that was an alternative,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and that was seperation.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As muslims we believe that seperation is the best way, and the only sensible way. Not integration.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But on the other hand, when we see our people being brutalized by white bigots, white racists,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we think that they are foolish to allow themselves to be beaten and brutalized and do nothing

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
whatsoever to protect themselves.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If a dog is biting a black man the black man should kill the dog.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Wheter if that dog is a police dog, a hound dog or any kind of dog. If a dog is ?? on a black man

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
when that black man is doing nothing but trying to take advantage of what the government says is

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
supposedly his than that black man should kill that dog or any two legged dog who ??? the dog on him.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When Malcolm talks, ??? talk, ?? articulate for all the negro people who hear them, who listen to him.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
??????

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
??????

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That's Malolm's great authority over any of his audiences. He ??? their reality.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I was probably about 14 years old and I was involved in a demonstration at this construction site.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The community was demanding integration of the work force.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We realized that Malsolm had come to watch the demonstration, when my shift changed I ran

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
across the street to talk to Malcolm. We had quite an argument that morning.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he tried to explain to me what was wrong with my laying down on the ground in front of a cement truck.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And Malcolm said if these are people who could lynch black people, murder black children,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
enslave black people, why couldn't they run over somebody with a truck?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he said: "They'd say it was an accident. Oops, my foot slipped, but you'd be "

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
just as dead." And when he left and I turned around to go back across the street. I went back

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and I got on the picket line, but I never laid down on the street in front of a truck again.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We were sitting across this table at the ????, talking about race relations in america and

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm at one point said okay, what's your solution and he was not asking me for advice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He just of wanted to put me on the spot for a moment.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I was at the time under the spell of Dr. King and his notion of the beloved society which

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
would be colorblind and in which color would not be a disability for anybody.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm was kind of looking back at me and said: "You're dreaming. I haven't got time for dreams."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The goal of Dr. King is full equality...-[br]No. -[br]

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
...and full rights citizenship for negroes.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The goal of Dr. Martin Luther King is to give Negroes a chance to sit in a segregated

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
restaurant beside the same white man who had brutalized them for 400 years.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The goal of Dr. Martin Luther KIng is to get Negroes to forgive the people who have

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
brutalized them for 400 years by lulling??? them to sleep and making him forget what

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that whites had done to them. But the masses of black people in america today don't go for

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
what Dr. Martin Luther KIng is puttin down. You said in one of your articles, his psychologically insecure

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
or something like this. However you put it. But you didn't endorse what Martin Luther King was doing yourself.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I do not reject his goals of full integration and full equality rights for american citizens, do you reject...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If you don't think he's walking on the right road I'm quite sure you don't agree that he'll head to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the right place.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We were aware, or felt that it was somewhat dangerous to be too closely associated

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to Malcolm. He was saying some pretty rough things, particularly about whites.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Those of us who wanted to keep peace with the white world, some of us had our jobs in the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
white community. We didn't really get too close to Malcolm.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It has been suggested also that this movement teaches a gospel of violence, that...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
No, the black people in this country have been the victims of violence by the hands of the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
white man for 400 years. And following the ignorant negro preachers, we had thought

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it was godlike to turn the other cheek to the brute that was brutalizing us.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And today the honorable Elijah Muhammed has shown black people in this country that

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
just as the white man and every other person on this earth has god given rights, natural rights,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
civil rights. Any kind of rights that you can think of when it comes to defending hiself.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Black people should have the right to defend themselves also.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In August 1963, 250.000 americans for the march on Washington.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm came to us. He told us the story about the ????.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
One thing I can say about Malcolm: Anytime he told us something he could back it up.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He had a ???? and he ??? said, I'm gonna tell you.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I know what I'm talking about.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He says, who pays the bills for civil rights?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
???????

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You have to fight your battles. And it started in the street, but once you let them become integrated

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
????

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and than he relates it to a cup of coffee that is hot and as soon as you water it, put the milk in it cools down.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And these analogies Malcolm used sometimes were funny, but they hit home.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
KIng: ?????

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Most of the people that we were organizing had also heard of Malcolm X,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and respected him and listened to him and anytime that he was going to be on

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
they made an effort to hear those speeches.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And felt that he indeed understood what their problems were and that they needed to

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
be fought against.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I suppose not always non-violently.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Nineteen days after the march of Washington a bomb blew apart the sunday school

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
of the 16th street baptist church in Bur???, Alabama.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
20 people were insured.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
4 little girls were killed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Here we're talking about bombing a church and killing 4 little girls.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And the feeling of anger and not being able to do something or not doing something was

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
tremendous.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A lot of us sort of became desatisfied.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Because sort of became desatisfied.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He never spoke of it,??? that we were doing anything to help our people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Who'd been brutalized by the whites and the police during the civil rights movement.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We felt that we should have gotten involved.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
One white man named Lincoln supposedly fought the civil war to solve the race problem and

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the problem is still here. And then another white man named Kennedy

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
came along running for President and told negroes what all he was going to do

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
for them and they voted for him 80%. He's been in office now for three years and the problem

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is still here.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When police dogs were biting black women and black children and black babies in Birmingham, Alabama

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that Kennedy talked about what he couldn't do becasue no federal law had been violated and

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
as soon as the negroes exploded and began to protect themselves and got the best of the crackers

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in Birmingham, then Kennedy sent for the troops.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He didn't have any new law when he sent for the troops when the negroes errupted, than he had at

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the time when the whites had errupted. So we are within our rights, and with justification, when we

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
express doubt concerning the ability of the white man to solve our problem.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And also when we express doubt concerning his integrity, concerning his sincerity.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Because will have to confess that the problem has been around for a long time and whites

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
had been saying the same thing about it for the past hundred years and is no nearer

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to the solution today than a hundred years ago.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Well, he has changed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Changed from religious talk to ??? talk.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
To the point where I told him (Malcolm), that I listened to him when he first started

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and I listen to him now.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I hear a change. He says: "What kind of change do you mean?"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I say: "Well, your talks when you first started out caused me to have chills when you speak.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Because of the truth of what you were saying. But now I don't feel that anymore."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He told his answer to me: "Maybe you have lost your religion or your spirit"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I said: "Well, maybe I have, but I'm just letting you know how I feel."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
After a while we began to notice that there were some rumblings ?? from Elijah Muhammeds family.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Every now and then there'd be little things they would say to let you know that they got

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
a problem with Malcolm rising up before the public like he's doing, because everybody had

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
began to recognize him now as the spokesman.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Spokesman" might be alright, but at the same time he's getting the public (s attention),

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the media has got him. Everybody is all "Malcolm, Malcolm, Malcolm X"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You're hearing Elijah Muhammeds name less and less.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm believed he could handle the jealousies within the Nation of Islam.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But tentions between him and the messenger would come to a head???

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in late November in 1963.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We're sittin in the restaurant, drinking coffee, having this meeting and the captain of the mosque,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Joseph, got a telephone call from his wife. He got up and went to the phone booth, took the call

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and he came back to the table looking visibly shocked.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He said, that his wife had just told him that Kennedy had been shot.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm sent somebody to get a radio out of the back and plugged in the radio and listened.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And the announcer was saying: "To repeat. We're confirming that the president has been shot

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in Dallas, Texas. At this point we don't know how serious it is."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And Malcolm said immediately: "That devil is dead".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
John F. Kennedy had been assassinated. Mr. Muhammed and his son called Malcolm and said:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Brother Minister Malcolm? My father told me to tell you and we're calling all over the country, that

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
John F. Kennedy was assassinated.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And that we should not say anything in a degradory way whatsoever, because the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
man was the president of the united states.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And that people loved him."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The muslims had schedules a rallye at the manhattan center in new york city.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The day of the rallye the messenger called Malcolm to remind him to teach the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
spiritual side and avoid saying anything about the president's death.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But he was clearly nervois about what he might say. He spoke from a prepared speech.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Never specifically mentioned Kennedy.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But then as if ??? courting desaster,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
he opened the floor up for questions.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Normally he would speak ?????

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But this day he asked for questions and answer.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He went into this litany, comparing other leaders around the world who had somehow sufferd

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
at the hand of the United States Government and his agents and how this compared to what

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
just happened to Kennedy.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he said: "Patrice Lamumba died and his wife became a widow, his people had their leader cut down

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and the US Government had been involved in doing that."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he went through a ??? of these always winding up with the involvement of the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
United States Government.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So that the final point when you do those kind of things all around the world you set up an

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
situation, an atmosphere, an environment in the world and sooner or later those chickens

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
come home to roost.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When he ??? I was really took ???. I didn't understand that.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he answered the question: "Well, I know I'll get in trouble for this, but as far as I'm concerned

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it's a case of the chickens coming home to roost."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
??? John Ali, the National Secretary was there. That's how Mr. Muhammed got the news so fast.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This ??? is from messenger Elijah Muhammed, the ??? muslim from america.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Mr. Malcolm ?? addressed in a public meeting at ?? center in New York City on Sunday, December 1st,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
did not speak for the muslims when he made comments of the ??? death of the president, John F. Kennedy.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was speaking for himself and not muslims in general. And Mr. Malcolm has been

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
suspended from public speaking for the time being.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Muhammad on President Kennedy:[br]Nation Still Mourns Death

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
While the Nation of Islam publicly ??? for the slayed president, the leadership announced

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the silencing of Malcolm X for 90 days.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was to give no speeches and to have no contect with the press.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We were doing alot of Kennedy Stories and therer was going to be a little one talking about

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm having been suspended.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I was expecting to pick up the phone and I'd get a quote and that would be it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This case he hold me on the phone for longer than I expected.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And he sounded upset, he sounded worried and it was the first time I ever sensed vulnerabilty

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in this guy who I've always been accustomed to ??? think of as an extremely strong man.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Will censure of Malcolm X lead to split in muslims?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Newspapers predicted a power struggle within the nation of islam.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It was later learned the FBI fed stories to local reporters in an attempt to deepen the rift

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
between Malacolm and Elijah Muhammed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm, isolated and exhausted, accepted an invitation to Miami.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Where young heavy weight conteder Cassius Clay was training for his championship bout against Sunny Liston.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
??? member of the nation, Clay had been visiting muslim temples for two years and

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
had asked malcolm to help him mentally prepare for the fight against Liston.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Well going to Florida for my family was honeymoon. My parents refered to it as a honeymoon.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Of course its significance of us going as a family was a much stronger and meaningful for them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
For us it was just an opportunity to be with each other.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But as my mother and father talked about it it was the first time in their real life as a marital union.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that they had time for themselves.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Malcolm offered to bring Cassius Clay into the Nation of Islam in exchange for his own

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
reinstatement.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But the nations hirarchy ignored Malcolms offer.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
LIke most of america they saw the young boxer as a loud mouth with little chance of

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
beating Lister.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As Malcolm watched from ring side the young Clay wore down the older champion.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
At the beginning of the 7th round a batted Liston could not come out of his corner.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Clay had become the new heavy weight champion of the world.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
??? poetry on number seven.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He wanted to go to heaven, so I took him ???.