WEBVTT 00:00:07.922 --> 00:00:12.173 SCHOOL OF PAPUA 00:00:22.081 --> 00:00:24.497 I need to know everything about the world I live in. 00:00:24.497 --> 00:00:26.527 I know everything about my environment. 00:00:26.527 --> 00:00:29.415 The sea, the fish, how to catch the fish. 00:00:29.415 --> 00:00:31.516 I followed my mother to our agricultural land. 00:00:31.516 --> 00:00:33.996 I know what to grow, how to nurture the plants. 00:00:33.996 --> 00:00:36.602 I followed her and I was happy. 00:00:39.162 --> 00:00:41.834 So what was so hard? I came back from school. 00:00:41.834 --> 00:00:44.184 I didn't have to do homework. 00:00:50.280 --> 00:00:57.130 Teachers who lived in colonial times, we had a different approach to teaching. 00:00:58.170 --> 00:01:04.117 How to teach kids to write and read – it's quite different from how they do it now. 00:01:06.307 --> 00:01:13.543 Now they mostly do it by forcing the pupils. 00:01:33.452 --> 00:01:36.363 Why do we have to give homework to the children? 00:01:36.363 --> 00:01:40.604 We have to provide them time to play. So they have time to play, and sleep well 00:01:40.604 --> 00:01:43.105 without heavy burdens on their shoulders. 00:01:43.105 --> 00:01:46.910 Otherwise, even when they want to play, they remember they have homework. 00:01:46.910 --> 00:01:49.455 They ask their mothers but they don't understand. 00:01:49.455 --> 00:01:51.825 They ask their brothers, and it's nearly dark 00:01:51.825 --> 00:01:53.490 and tomorrow the homework is due. 00:01:53.490 --> 00:01:58.888 So, there's a limitation to the world they need to build because of homework. 00:02:05.993 --> 00:02:08.513 Too much fear results in stupidity. 00:02:08.513 --> 00:02:11.403 Too much fear results in weak thinking. 00:02:16.168 --> 00:02:18.373 Because some kids can only see to understand. 00:02:18.373 --> 00:02:20.393 Others hear to understand. 00:02:20.393 --> 00:02:22.253 And other kids do it and understand. 00:02:22.253 --> 00:02:25.504 There are many things that we need to comprehend in this case. 00:02:25.504 --> 00:02:29.131 They may be looking outside but they are still listening. 00:02:29.371 --> 00:02:34.656 Now, they trap students inside buildings. Then, the teachers become angry 00:02:34.656 --> 00:02:38.791 shouting, "What are you looking at?" 00:02:38.791 --> 00:02:45.678 We are just wasting time by interjecting. In class we have very limited time. 00:02:51.504 --> 00:02:54.282 Now we have this "superior class". 00:02:55.412 --> 00:02:59.791 So we separate kids by those who learn fast and those who don’t. 00:02:59.791 --> 00:03:04.400 The ones who already know a bit, let other teachers teach them. 00:03:09.760 --> 00:03:15.549 So, we don't simply teach, but consider all aspects. 00:03:21.027 --> 00:03:25.068 And for coaching, the teacher needs to really get close to the kids. 00:03:25.068 --> 00:03:27.508 Hold their hands. 00:03:28.068 --> 00:03:31.209 We can come and write something down and ask students 00:03:31.209 --> 00:03:33.249 to repeat this by themselves. 00:03:48.359 --> 00:03:53.212 In several meetings with parents, I said, “You are limiting these kids just because 00:03:53.212 --> 00:03:56.212 of an issue with uniforms”. 00:03:56.212 --> 00:04:05.960 “If their uniforms are wet they can just come in T-shirts. 00:04:05.960 --> 00:04:11.950 If their shoes get stolen or broken send them in sandals or even barefoot.” 00:04:11.960 --> 00:04:15.404 “The important thing is that the child has the eagerness to study.” 00:04:18.495 --> 00:04:22.045 If we compare the era of Dutch colonisation to today 00:04:22.045 --> 00:04:25.045 there is a big difference. 00:04:25.045 --> 00:04:30.964 The colonialists didn't just build schools, they started by doing research 00:04:30.964 --> 00:04:36.008 in the coastal areas, mountains, valleys, upstream. 00:04:37.158 --> 00:04:42.942 After that, they decided on the kind of education model to use. 00:04:43.642 --> 00:04:50.347 They created readings where the stories were all based on local stories 00:04:50.347 --> 00:04:54.270 so the readings for children were based on the places where they've been living 00:04:54.270 --> 00:04:56.880 from youth to maturity. 00:04:56.880 --> 00:05:03.573 The children understood these stories because they knew them. 00:05:03.573 --> 00:05:07.705 They have pigs, they have fire on their farmland and in their houses. 00:05:07.705 --> 00:05:12.465 On the beach they usually use fire to cook fish. 00:05:18.780 --> 00:05:21.909 If you look at how they build schools now 00:05:21.909 --> 00:05:24.788 it's too restrictive and traps kids so they can't freely enjoy the scenery 00:05:24.788 --> 00:05:27.657 the environment, which was created by God. 00:05:27.657 --> 00:05:31.767 In the old days, they built school walls only as high as a small child's shoulders. 00:05:31.767 --> 00:05:39.467 So we can see birds fly, clouds, rain, so it reduces the boredom of the lesson. 00:05:45.964 --> 00:05:50.252 In my school years, a day must be filled with singing and drawing. 00:05:50.252 --> 00:05:53.452 Usually in the late hours we will sing. 00:05:54.012 --> 00:05:56.916 So this learning was based on stimulating ideas. 00:05:56.916 --> 00:05:59.776 We discussed things by drawing them. 00:06:04.127 --> 00:06:08.406 The reason I say this is a Papuan school built in Indonesia 00:06:08.406 --> 00:06:11.516 is because the majority of students here are Papuans. 00:06:11.836 --> 00:06:17.748 There are some differences in the way that Papuans and non-Papuans 00:06:17.748 --> 00:06:21.578 respond to lessons. 00:06:21.578 --> 00:06:27.194 If we teach one plus one, immediately the non-Papuan kids will have the answer two. 00:06:27.194 --> 00:06:31.998 But the Papuan will examine this lesson carefully. 00:06:31.998 --> 00:06:36.329 One plus one, why does it become two? That's not because they are stupid. 00:06:36.329 --> 00:06:39.770 No. But because they are very thorough. 00:06:39.770 --> 00:06:43.053 That's why the Dutch teachers would not mix the Papuan kids with non-Papuans 00:06:43.053 --> 00:06:44.863 in one classroom. 00:06:44.863 --> 00:06:50.172 It's not discrimination, no. 00:06:50.172 --> 00:06:53.961 But if you put the Papuan kids with Indonesian kids in one class 00:06:53.961 --> 00:06:56.961 the Indonesians will surpass them. 00:06:56.961 --> 00:07:00.801 Indonesian parents will support their kids to learn at home. 00:07:00.801 --> 00:07:04.015 But the Papuans, even if their parents are high-ranking officials 00:07:04.015 --> 00:07:05.855 they are not used to teaching their kids at home. 00:07:05.855 --> 00:07:08.417 So, for the teachers this is a big burden. 00:07:08.427 --> 00:07:10.887 That's why the Papuan kids need more time and a slower pace. 00:07:10.887 --> 00:07:11.989 It's not because they are stupid. 00:07:11.989 --> 00:07:14.652 But it's like clapping with one hand, it doesn't make a sound. 00:07:14.652 --> 00:07:17.537 But if parents and teachers are committed together, they can clap with two hands. 00:07:17.537 --> 00:07:19.497 It will work and benefit the children.