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Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.53,0:00:09.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[♪♪]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.16,0:00:11.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You may have heard of \Naccessibility in the past
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.78,0:00:15.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or maybe you heard somewhere \Nthat your website should be accessible,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.72,0:00:17.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what does that even mean?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.58,0:00:22.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea of anyone being able \Nto use a website sounds simple enough,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.09,0:00:24.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's more nuanced than that.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.67,0:00:26.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are lots of people in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.57,0:00:29.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there's many considerations to be made.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.100,0:00:31.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In general though,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.04,0:00:35.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is one guiding principle \Nthat should make accessibility
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.08,0:00:38.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a lot easier \Nfor anyone to understand.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.26,0:00:43.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Web standards and best practices \Ntend to lead towards more accessible websites
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.73,0:00:45.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and vice versa.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.40,0:00:48.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Designing a website to be \Naccessible tends to lead you
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.53,0:00:51.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,towards web standards \Nand best practices.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.99,0:00:56.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, screen reading software \Nthat assists users with visual impairments
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.74,0:01:00.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can sometimes have difficulty \Nwhen tables are used for layout
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.65,0:01:03.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than being used \Nfor tabular data.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.89,0:01:06.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are many different types \Nof impairments that encompass
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.76,0:01:10.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vision, hearing, motor skills, and more.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.89,0:01:13.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'll learn about \Nspecific techniques to accommodate
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.93,0:01:16.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all these different types of users.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.30,0:01:19.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Before we get into \Nthe technical details,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.18,0:01:23.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let's back up because sometimes \Nweb developers and designers wonder
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.11,0:01:27.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why they should be so concerned \Nwith accessibility in the first place.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.12,0:01:28.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are numerous reasons,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.46,0:01:31.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but here are three \Nreally important ones.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.16,0:01:34.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First and most importantly, \Nit's just the right thing to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.89,0:01:38.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The web represents \Na giant leap forward in the quality of life
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.88,0:01:40.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for people with disabilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.68,0:01:44.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, before the advent \Nof online news and screen readers,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.72,0:01:48.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was difficult, expensive, \Nand oftentimes impossible
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.66,0:01:53.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for a person with visual impairments \Nto read a daily newspaper.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.48,0:01:55.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That alone should be reason enough.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.61,0:01:57.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Second, as I mentioned earlier,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.91,0:02:02.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,building accessible websites \Nhas a tendency to lead towards HTML markup
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.36,0:02:08.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is semantic and easy for everyone, \Neven computers, to understand and interpret.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.24,0:02:12.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every designer and developer \Nshould understand the importance of this.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.23,0:02:15.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lastly, you can get into trouble legally \Nif you're not careful.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.97,0:02:19.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many countries have laws \Nthat require government agencies
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.08,0:02:23.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,along with public and private organizations \Nto maintain web content
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.51,0:02:27.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is accessible to people \Nof all abilities and disabilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.62,0:02:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the year 2000, \Na blind Australian man engaged in a court case
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.00,0:02:35.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against the Sydney organizing committee \Nof the Olympic Games,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.36,0:02:41.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he won the case because, \Nunder the Australian Disability Discrimination Act of 1992,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.27,0:02:44.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the official website \Nof the Sydney Olympic Games
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.21,0:02:48.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,failed to provide \Nadequate accessibility to blind users.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.69,0:02:51.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Legal disputes of this nature \Ncan be extremely costly,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.46,0:02:56.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they're also so easily avoidable \Nby simply providing accessible content.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.100,0:03:00.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As we'll learn, \Nit's not as difficult as it might seem.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.26,0:03:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whether you're creating a new website \Nor even if you're updating an old one,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.14,0:03:08.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you should familiarize yourself \Nwith the local and federal laws
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.55,0:03:11.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the website \Nwill be subjected to.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.11,0:03:14.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here are a few documents \Nto help you get started.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.26,0:03:17.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The World Wide Web Consortium, \Nor W3C for short,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.79,0:03:23.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is an organization that sets the rules \Nfor HTML, CSS, and many other standards.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.77,0:03:29.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A W3C project known as \Nthe Web Accessibility Initiative, or WAI,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.09,0:03:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,published the first version of the \NWeb Content Accessibility Guidelines, or WCAG, in 1999.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.98,0:03:39.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since then \Nand especially in recent years,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.57,0:03:44.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it has been accepted as the gold standard \Nfor creating accessible websites.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.27,0:03:45.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By the end of 2008,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.93,0:03:52.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the WCAG 2.0 had been released \Nby the WC3 as a recommendation.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.90,0:03:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I highly recommend that you take a look \Nat this document and read it over.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.30,0:03:58.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is lengthy,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.42,0:04:01.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we cover quite a bit \Nof the information it contains.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.41,0:04:05.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But even so, \Nyou should at least look at it for reference.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.11,0:04:11.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1998, the United States Congress amended \NThe Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.07,0:04:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to include Section 508 \Nwhich requires federal agencies
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.78,0:04:19.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make electronic information accessible \Nto people with disabilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.09,0:04:20.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The portions regarding web technology
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.96,0:04:27.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are based on the guidelines developed \Nby the Web Accessibility Initiative of the W3C,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.31,0:04:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is also the case for laws \Nand regulations around the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.22,0:04:32.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the UK, for instance,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.50,0:04:37.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Publicly Available Specification,\Nor PAS 78, published in 2006
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.51,0:04:41.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also references the WAI guidelines.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.48,0:04:45.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is also true in Canada, Spain, Japan,\Nand many other countries.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.74,0:04:48.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But even so, you should \Nstudy the laws that are local to your country
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.97,0:04:51.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and strive to comply with them.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.88,0:04:55.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Accessibility might seem \Ndifficult or confusing right now,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.27,0:04:59.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we'll go through everything \None step at a time.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.29,0:05:02.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[♪♪]