1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,000 Une do te flase sot per te kursyer me shume, 2 00:00:03,000 --> 00:00:06,000 por jo sot, neser. 3 00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:08,000 Une do te flas per Te Kursejme Me Shume Neser. 4 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:10,000 Eshte programi qe Richard Thaler 5 00:00:10,000 --> 00:00:12,000 nga Universiteti i Çikagos dhe une 6 00:00:12,000 --> 00:00:15,000 qe e kemi shpikur ndoshta 15 vjet me pare. 7 00:00:15,000 --> 00:00:17,000 Ky program, nje nje menyre, 8 00:00:17,000 --> 00:00:19,000 eshte nje shembull i sjelljes financiare 9 00:00:19,000 --> 00:00:21,000 ne steroide -- 10 00:00:21,000 --> 00:00:24,000 se si ne vertet mundemi te perdorim sjelljen financiare. 11 00:00:24,000 --> 00:00:27,000 Tani ju mund te pyesni, cfare eshte sjellje financiare? 12 00:00:27,000 --> 00:00:30,000 Le te mendojme rreth asaj se si ne i menaxhojme parate tona. 13 00:00:30,000 --> 00:00:33,000 Le te fillojme me garancite hipotekore. 14 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:35,000 Eshte ceshtje e kohes se fundit, 15 00:00:35,000 --> 00:00:37,000 te pakten ne Amerike. 16 00:00:37,000 --> 00:00:39,000 Shumica e njerezve blejne 17 00:00:39,000 --> 00:00:42,000 shtepine me te madhe qe mund te blene, 18 00:00:42,000 --> 00:00:45,000 dhe faktikisht pak me te madhe se ajo. 19 00:00:45,000 --> 00:00:48,000 Dhe me pas ata i heqin të drejtën mbi pronën e vënë në hipotekë 20 00:00:48,000 --> 00:00:50,000 Dhe me pas ata fajesojne bankat 21 00:00:50,000 --> 00:00:53,000 qe s'jane te mira duke i dhene atyre hipoteken. 22 00:00:53,000 --> 00:00:55,000 Le te mendojme 23 00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:57,000 si te menaxhojme riskun -- 24 00:00:57,000 --> 00:00:59,000 p.sh, duke investuar ne tregun e aksioneve. 25 00:00:59,000 --> 00:01:02,000 Dy vjet me pare, tre vjet me pare, rreth pese vjet me perpara, 26 00:01:02,000 --> 00:01:04,000 tregjet ishin mire, 27 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:07,000 Ne morem persiper riskun, sigurisht. 28 00:01:07,000 --> 00:01:09,000 Tregu aksione pati nje renie 29 00:01:09,000 --> 00:01:11,000 dhe ne mendian "Wow. 30 00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:14,000 Keto humbje, ata i ndjene, emocionalisht, 31 00:01:14,000 --> 00:01:17,000 ndihen shume ndryshe 32 00:01:17,000 --> 00:01:20,000 nga cfare ne menduam rreth kesaj 33 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:22,000 kur tregjet po ngriheshin." 34 00:01:22,000 --> 00:01:25,000 Keshtu qe ne me sa duhet nuk po benin ndonje pune te padhe 35 00:01:25,000 --> 00:01:27,000 kur vjen puna per te marre persiper rrezikun. 36 00:01:27,000 --> 00:01:30,000 Sa Iphone keni ? 37 00:01:30,000 --> 00:01:33,000 Ndonjeri? Shume mire. 38 00:01:33,000 --> 00:01:36,000 Une ve bast qe shumica nga ju 39 00:01:36,000 --> 00:01:39,000 siguroni telefonin tuaj -- 40 00:01:39,000 --> 00:01:42,000 ju pa dyshim blini sigurimin duke pasur nje garanci te zgjatur. 41 00:01:42,000 --> 00:01:44,000 Cfare ndodh nese ju humbet telefoni ? 42 00:01:44,000 --> 00:01:46,000 N.q.s ju beni kete? 43 00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:48,000 Sa nga ju keni femije? 44 00:01:48,000 --> 00:01:50,000 Ndonjeri? 45 00:01:50,000 --> 00:01:52,000 Mbani duart lart 46 00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:55,000 n.q.s keni sihurimin e jetes te mjaftueshem. 47 00:01:55,000 --> 00:01:57,000 Uen po shof shume duar qe ulen poshte. 48 00:01:57,000 --> 00:01:59,000 Une do te parashikoja, 49 00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:01,000 nqs se ti je perfaqesues per shembull, 50 00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:03,000 qe me shume se ju 51 00:02:03,000 --> 00:02:06,000 sigurojne Iphonet sesa jeten tuaj, 52 00:02:06,000 --> 00:02:08,000 madje edhe kur keni femije. 53 00:02:08,000 --> 00:02:11,000 Ne nuk po dukemi dhe aq mire kur vjen puna tek siguracioni. 54 00:02:11,000 --> 00:02:15,000 Mesatarja Amrikane e nje familje 55 00:02:15,000 --> 00:02:18,000 shpenzon 1,000 dollare ne vit 56 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:20,000 per llotari. 57 00:02:20,000 --> 00:02:23,000 Dhe e di qe eshte cmenduri. 58 00:02:23,000 --> 00:02:26,000 Sa nga shpenzojne mijra dollare ne vit per llotarira? 59 00:02:26,000 --> 00:02:28,000 Asnjeri. 60 00:02:28,000 --> 00:02:31,000 Kjo na tregon ne qe njerzit jo ne kete ambjent 61 00:02:31,000 --> 00:02:33,000 shpenzojne me shume se nje mije 62 00:02:33,000 --> 00:02:36,000 per te arritur tek mesatarja e nje mijes. 63 00:02:36,000 --> 00:02:38,000 Njerzit me te ardhura te vogla 64 00:02:38,000 --> 00:02:42,000 shpenzojne shume me shume se nje mije neper llotarira. 65 00:02:42,000 --> 00:02:44,000 Pra ku do te na coje kjo > 66 00:02:44,000 --> 00:02:47,000 Ne nuk po bejme ndonjepune te madhe me menaxhimin e lekut. 67 00:02:47,000 --> 00:02:50,000 Vendimet financiar eshte me te vertet nje kombinim 68 00:02:50,000 --> 00:02:52,000 i psikologjise dhe ekonomikut, 69 00:02:52,000 --> 00:02:54,000 te arrish te kuptosh 70 00:02:54,000 --> 00:02:56,000 gabimet qe njerzit bejne me parane. 71 00:02:56,000 --> 00:02:58,000 Dhe do te qendroj ketu 72 00:02:58,000 --> 00:03:02,000 per 12 minuta dhe 53 sekonda qe me kane mbetur 73 00:03:02,000 --> 00:03:04,000 dhe te argetohetm me te gjitha menyrat e zgjedhjet 74 00:03:04,000 --> 00:03:06,000 per menagimin e parase, 75 00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:09,000 dhe ne fund ju do te me pyesni, " Si mund te ndihmojme njerzit?" 76 00:03:09,000 --> 00:03:12,000 Dhe kjo eshte me te vertet ajo qe dua te fokusohem sot. 77 00:03:12,000 --> 00:03:14,000 Si mund kemi nje kuptim 78 00:03:14,000 --> 00:03:17,000 te gabimeve qe njerzit bejne me parane, 79 00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:20,000 dhe pastaj te kthejme sjelljet sfiduese 80 00:03:20,000 --> 00:03:22,000 ne ate sjellje te zgjidhshme? 81 00:03:22,000 --> 00:03:24,000 Dhe une do te flas sot rreth 82 00:03:24,000 --> 00:03:26,000 programin Te Kursejme Me Shume Neser. 83 00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:28,000 Dua ta drejtoj kete ceshtje 84 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:30,000 tek kursimet. 85 00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:32,000 Ne kemi ne monitor 86 00:03:32,000 --> 00:03:34,000 nje shembull tipik 87 00:03:34,000 --> 00:03:36,000 te 100 Amrikaneve. 88 00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:39,000 Dhe ne do te shikojme sjelljen e ketyre kursimeve. 89 00:03:39,000 --> 00:03:41,000 E para qe veme re eshte , 90 00:03:41,000 --> 00:03:43,000 qe gjysma e tyre 91 00:03:43,000 --> 00:03:45,000 nuk kane te drejte 92 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:47,000 ne nje plan 401(k). 93 00:03:47,000 --> 00:03:50,000 Ata nuk mund te kursejne kaq lehte. 94 00:03:50,000 --> 00:03:53,000 Ata nuk mund te lene t'ju ikin leket nga rroga 95 00:03:53,000 --> 00:03:55,000 tek nje plan 401(k) 96 00:03:55,000 --> 00:03:57,000 perpara se ta shohin ate, 97 00:03:57,000 --> 00:03:59,000 perpara se ta prekin ate. 98 00:03:59,000 --> 00:04:02,000 Po me gysmen tjeter te njerzve qe ngelen? 99 00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:05,000 Disa nga ata vendosin te mos kursejne. 100 00:04:05,000 --> 00:04:07,000 Ata jane shume pertace. 101 00:04:07,000 --> 00:04:10,000 Ata asnjehere nuk do te logohen ne nje uebsait te komplikuar 102 00:04:10,000 --> 00:04:13,000 dhe te klikojne 17 here per t'ju bashkuar planit 401(k) . 103 00:04:13,000 --> 00:04:15,000 Dhe me pas ata duhet te vendosin se si do ti investojne 104 00:04:15,000 --> 00:04:17,000 ne 52 mundesite e tyre, 105 00:04:17,000 --> 00:04:21,000 dhe ata kurre nuk e kane degjuar cfare eshte nje depozite tregu. 106 00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:23,000 Dhe ata jane te mbingarukuar dhe ata thjesht nuk e bejene kete. 107 00:04:23,000 --> 00:04:28,000 Sa njerez i shkojne deri ne fund planit 401(k) ? 108 00:04:28,000 --> 00:04:31,000 Nje e treta e Amerikaneve. 109 00:04:31,000 --> 00:04:33,000 Dy te tretat nuk kursejne sot . 110 00:04:33,000 --> 00:04:35,000 A arrijne te kursejne boll? 111 00:04:35,000 --> 00:04:37,000 Merreni me mend 112 00:04:37,000 --> 00:04:39,000 kush thote qe ata po kursejne shume pak. 113 00:04:39,000 --> 00:04:41,000 Nje nga te 10-tet 114 00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:44,000 a jane duke kursyer mjaft. 115 00:04:44,000 --> 00:04:46,000 9-te nga 10 116 00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:49,000 per me teper kursen permes planin te yre 401(k), 117 00:04:49,000 --> 00:04:52,000 vendosin te mos kursejne-- ose nuk vendosin -- 118 00:04:52,000 --> 00:04:55,000 ose kursejne shume pak. 119 00:04:55,000 --> 00:04:57,000 Ne mendojme se kemi nje problem 120 00:04:57,000 --> 00:04:59,000 te njerzve qe kursejne shume. 121 00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:01,000 Le te shikojme kete. 122 00:05:01,000 --> 00:05:03,000 Ne kemi nje person -- 123 00:05:03,000 --> 00:05:06,000 ok , ne do ta ndajme ate ne gjysem 124 00:05:06,000 --> 00:05:09,000 sepse eshte me pak se nje percend. 125 00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:12,000 Perafersisht gjysma perqind e Amerikaneve 126 00:05:12,000 --> 00:05:17,000 ndjejne qe ata kursejne shume. 127 00:05:17,000 --> 00:05:19,000 Cfare do te bejme rreth kesaj ? 128 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:21,000 Kjo eshte vertete aty ku dua te fokusohem. 129 00:05:21,000 --> 00:05:23,000 Ne duhet te kutojme 130 00:05:23,000 --> 00:05:25,000 perse njerzit nuk po kursejne, 131 00:05:25,000 --> 00:05:27,000 dhe pastaj ne fatmirsisht te ndyshojme 132 00:05:27,000 --> 00:05:29,000 sjelljen dhe sfidat 133 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:31,000 ne nje zgjidhje te sjellure, 134 00:05:31,000 --> 00:05:34,000 dhe me pas te shohim se sa e forte mund te jete. 135 00:05:34,000 --> 00:05:36,000 Me lejoni te transferoje per nje sekonde 136 00:05:36,000 --> 00:05:38,000 sikurse do te gjenim problemet 137 00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:41,000 sfidat, sfidat e sjelljes, 138 00:05:41,000 --> 00:05:43,000 keto i ndalojne njerzit te kursejne. 139 00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:47,000 Une do te tranferoje dhe te flas rreth bananeve dhe cokollata. 140 00:05:47,000 --> 00:05:50,000 Te supzojme se ne bejme nje event tjeter te TED-it javen qe vjen. 141 00:05:50,000 --> 00:05:52,000 Dhe gjate pushimit 142 00:05:52,000 --> 00:05:54,000 do te kishte ndonje sanduic 143 00:05:54,000 --> 00:05:56,000 dhe qe mu d te zgjidhni bananet ose cokollatat. 144 00:05:56,000 --> 00:05:59,000 Dhe sa nga ju do te mendonit sikur te kishit bananet 145 00:05:59,000 --> 00:06:01,000 gjate ketij eventi hippotetik te TEd-it javen qe vjen? 146 00:06:01,000 --> 00:06:03,000 Kush do te gjidhte bananet? 147 00:06:03,000 --> 00:06:05,000 E mrekullueshme. 148 00:06:05,000 --> 00:06:07,000 Une parashikoj shkencerisht 149 00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:10,000 74% nga ju do te zgjidhte bananet. 150 00:06:10,000 --> 00:06:14,000 Dhe kjo eshte te pakten ajo qe nje nga studimet e mrekullueshme kane parashikuar. 151 00:06:15,000 --> 00:06:18,000 Dhe pastaj te numurojne ditet 152 00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:22,000 dhe te shohin cfare njerzit kane mbaruar se ngreni. 153 00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:26,000 Te njejtit njerz qe e imagjinuar vehten e tyre 154 00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:28,000 duke ngrene banane 155 00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:30,000 mbaruan duke ngrene cokollata 156 00:06:30,000 --> 00:06:32,000 nje jave me vone. 157 00:06:32,000 --> 00:06:34,000 Vet-kontrolli 158 00:06:34,000 --> 00:06:37,000 nuk eshte nje problem per te arshmen. 159 00:06:37,000 --> 00:06:39,000 Eshte vetem problem tani 160 00:06:39,000 --> 00:06:43,000 kur cokollata eshte mbs nesh . 161 00:06:43,000 --> 00:06:46,000 Cfare duhet te kete per te bere me kohen dhe kursimet, 162 00:06:46,000 --> 00:06:49,000 kjo c'eshtje e plotesimit te menjehershem? 163 00:06:49,000 --> 00:06:53,000 Ose disa ekonomiste e quajne ate, paragjykim i tanishem. 164 00:06:53,000 --> 00:06:55,000 Ne mendojme rreth kursimeve. Ne e dime qe duhet te kursejme. 165 00:06:55,000 --> 00:06:58,000 Ne e dime qe ne do ta bejme ate vitin tjeter, por sot lete te harxhojme. 166 00:06:58,000 --> 00:07:00,000 Krishtlindjet jane duke afruar, 167 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:03,000 ne mund shume mire te bleme shume dhurata per kedo qe njohim. 168 00:07:03,000 --> 00:07:07,000 keshtu qe kjo c'eshtje e paragykimit tone 169 00:07:07,000 --> 00:07:09,000 shkakton tek ne per te menduar per kursimet, 170 00:07:09,000 --> 00:07:11,000 dhe perfundon duke i prishur ato 171 00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:13,000 Le te flasim tani 172 00:07:13,000 --> 00:07:15,000 rreth nje jeter pengese ne sjellje per kusimet 173 00:07:15,000 --> 00:07:17,000 duke pasur te beje me nje inertesi. 174 00:07:17,000 --> 00:07:19,000 Por perseri, nje deviim i vogel 175 00:07:19,000 --> 00:07:22,000 per c'eshtjen e dhurimit te organeve. 176 00:07:22,000 --> 00:07:25,000 Nje studim i mrekullueshem duke krakasur vende te ndryshme. 177 00:07:25,000 --> 00:07:28,000 Do te shikojme dy qytete te ngjashme, 178 00:07:28,000 --> 00:07:31,000 Gjermania dhe Austria. 179 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:33,000 Dhe ne Gjermani, 180 00:07:33,000 --> 00:07:35,000 nqs se ti do te dhurosh oraganet e tua -- 181 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:37,000 Zoti te falte eshte dicka e keqe 182 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:39,000 do te ndodhi ty -- 183 00:07:39,000 --> 00:07:42,000 kur mer patenten ose karten e identitetit., 184 00:07:42,000 --> 00:07:44,000 ti kontrollon kutine e kursimeve, 185 00:07:44,000 --> 00:07:46,000 "Une dua te dhuroj organet e mia." 186 00:07:46,000 --> 00:07:48,000 Jo shume njerez i pleqejne listat. 187 00:07:48,000 --> 00:07:50,000 Kerkon perpjekje. te duhet te mendohesh. 188 00:07:50,000 --> 00:07:53,000 12 % e bejne kete. 189 00:07:53,000 --> 00:07:56,000 Austria, nje shtet fqinj, 190 00:07:56,000 --> 00:07:58,000 lehtesisht te ngashem, pak te ndryshem. 191 00:07:58,000 --> 00:08:00,000 Kush eshte ndryshimi? 192 00:08:00,000 --> 00:08:02,000 e pra, ju prape keni nje zgedhje. 193 00:08:02,000 --> 00:08:04,000 Ti do te vendosesh 194 00:08:04,000 --> 00:08:07,000 nese do ti dhurosh organet apo jo. 195 00:08:07,000 --> 00:08:09,000 Por kur ti merr patenten, 196 00:08:09,000 --> 00:08:11,000 ti shenon tel lista 197 00:08:11,000 --> 00:08:15,000 nqs ti nuk do qe ti dhurosh organet. 198 00:08:15,000 --> 00:08:17,000 Asnjeri nuk i shenon tek lista. 199 00:08:17,000 --> 00:08:19,000 Ky eshte nje lloj stermundimi i madh. 200 00:08:19,000 --> 00:08:22,000 1% e njerzve e shenojne ate. Te tjeret nuk bejne asgje. 201 00:08:22,000 --> 00:08:24,000 Per te mos bere asgje eshte shume e lehte. 202 00:08:24,000 --> 00:08:27,000 Jo shume njerzez i shenojne kutite e vogla te mundesive. 203 00:08:27,000 --> 00:08:29,000 Cfare jane keto perpjekje 204 00:08:29,000 --> 00:08:31,000 per te shptuar jete 205 00:08:31,000 --> 00:08:34,000 dhe te kesh disa oragane ne gjendje? 206 00:08:34,000 --> 00:08:36,000 Ne Gjermani, 12% e zgjedhin kete gje. 207 00:08:36,000 --> 00:08:39,000 12% jane organe te dhuruara. 208 00:08:39,000 --> 00:08:41,000 Shume sasi e paket e organeve, 209 00:08:41,000 --> 00:08:43,000 Zoti i perjashton, nws te duhet nje. 210 00:08:43,000 --> 00:08:46,000 Ne Austri, perseri, asnjeri nuk e shenon tek lista. 211 00:08:46,000 --> 00:08:49,000 Prandaj, 99% e njerzve 212 00:08:49,000 --> 00:08:51,000 jane organe te dhuruara. 213 00:08:51,000 --> 00:08:53,000 Kjo amulli, munges e veprimit. 214 00:08:53,000 --> 00:08:55,000 Kush eshte kundravajtja 215 00:08:55,000 --> 00:08:57,000 nqs se njerzit bejne dicka, 216 00:08:57,000 --> 00:09:00,000 nqs se ata i vonojne, nqs nuk i bejne nje zgjadhje tek lista? 217 00:09:00,000 --> 00:09:02,000 Shume e fuqishme. 218 00:09:02,000 --> 00:09:04,000 Ne do te flasim 219 00:09:04,000 --> 00:09:08,000 rreth asaj qe cfare ndodh nqs se njerzit jane te mbingarkuar dhe te friksuar 220 00:09:08,000 --> 00:09:11,000 per te bere zgjedhjet e planit 401(k). 221 00:09:11,000 --> 00:09:14,000 Ne do ti bejme ato ne menyre automatike per t'ju bashkuar planit, 222 00:09:14,000 --> 00:09:16,000 ose ata do te lihen jashte > 223 00:09:16,000 --> 00:09:19,000 Ne disa raste te planit 401(k), 224 00:09:19,000 --> 00:09:21,000 nqs njerzit nuk bejne asgje, 225 00:09:21,000 --> 00:09:24,000 kjo do te thote qe ata nuk po kursejne per pension, 226 00:09:24,000 --> 00:09:26,000 nws se ata nuk e bejne zgjedhjen tek kutia. 227 00:09:26,000 --> 00:09:29,000 Dhe te shenonsh tek kutia kerkon perpjekje. 228 00:09:29,000 --> 00:09:32,000 Keshtu qe ne folem rreth disa sfida e sjelljes. 229 00:09:32,000 --> 00:09:35,000 Edhe njehere para se te kthejme sfidat ne zgjidhje, 230 00:09:35,000 --> 00:09:37,000 duke pasur te bejme me majmune dhe molle.. 231 00:09:37,000 --> 00:09:39,000 Jo, jo, jo, ky eshte nje sudim i vertete 232 00:09:39,000 --> 00:09:43,000 dhe ka te beje shume me sjelljen ekonomike. 233 00:09:43,000 --> 00:09:46,000 Nje grup majmunesh marrin e molle, ata jane shume te gezuar. 234 00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:48,000 Grupi tjeter marrin dy molle, njera i merret. 235 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:50,000 Atyre ju ka mbetur edhe nje. 236 00:09:50,000 --> 00:09:53,000 Ata jane me te verte te inatosur. 237 00:09:53,000 --> 00:09:56,000 Pse na i morret mollen tone? 238 00:09:56,000 --> 00:09:59,000 Ky eshte enocioni i humbjes se mospelqimit. 239 00:09:59,000 --> 00:10:01,000 Ne merzitemi kur na humbin gjerat, 240 00:10:01,000 --> 00:10:04,000 edhe pse madje nuk ka shume rrezik. 241 00:10:04,000 --> 00:10:07,000 Do te uuroje te shkojet te ATM, 242 00:10:07,000 --> 00:10:09,000 dhe te terheqesh 100 dollare 243 00:10:09,000 --> 00:10:11,000 dhe ve re qe ti ke humbur nje nga keto biletat 20 dollareshe. 244 00:10:11,000 --> 00:10:13,000 Eshte shume e dhimbshme, 245 00:10:13,000 --> 00:10:15,000 megjithse, nuk do te thote gje. 246 00:10:15,000 --> 00:10:19,000 Keto 20 dollaremund te ishin nje dreke e shpejte. 247 00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:23,000 Pra ky nocion i mospeqimit 248 00:10:23,000 --> 00:10:26,000 duket sikur te shkelmon kur vjen puna edhe per kursimet, 249 00:10:26,000 --> 00:10:28,000 sepse njerzit , menderisht 250 00:10:28,000 --> 00:10:31,000 dhe emocionalisht dhe intuitivisht 251 00:10:31,000 --> 00:10:33,000 forme e kursimit si nje humbje 252 00:10:33,000 --> 00:10:36,000 sepse mua me duhet te mos prishe leke. 253 00:10:36,000 --> 00:10:38,000 Keshtu qe ne folem rreth 254 00:10:38,000 --> 00:10:40,000 te gjitha llojete sfidave te sjelljes 255 00:10:40,000 --> 00:10:44,000 qe kane te bjene me kursimit eventualisht. 256 00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:47,000 Kurdo qe ti mendon rreth pelqimi te domosdoshem, 257 00:10:47,000 --> 00:10:50,000 dhe cokollatat ndryshe babanet, 258 00:10:50,000 --> 00:10:53,000 jane te dhimbshme per ti kursyer tani. 259 00:10:53,000 --> 00:10:55,000 Eshte me shume nje loje 260 00:10:55,000 --> 00:10:57,000 per te prishur leke tani. 261 00:10:57,000 --> 00:11:00,000 Ne folem rreth inertesise dhe dhurimit te oraganeve 262 00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:02,000 dhe lista per tu plotesuar. 263 00:11:02,000 --> 00:11:04,000 Nws se njerzit kane per she mbushur shume lista 264 00:11:04,000 --> 00:11:06,000 per tu fuur ne planin(401k), 265 00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:08,000 ata do te vazhdojne te mbajne te vonuar 266 00:11:08,000 --> 00:11:10,000 dhe te mos bashkohet. 267 00:11:10,000 --> 00:11:12,000 Ne fund, ne folem per humbjen e mospelqimit, 268 00:11:12,000 --> 00:11:14,000 dhe per majmunet dhe mollet. 269 00:11:14,000 --> 00:11:17,000 Nqs se njerzit coptohen menderisht 270 00:11:17,000 --> 00:11:20,000 per te kursyer per pensionin si nje humbje, 271 00:11:20,000 --> 00:11:23,000 ata nuk do te kursejne per pensionin. 272 00:11:23,000 --> 00:11:25,000 Keshtu, qe kemi keto sfida, 273 00:11:25,000 --> 00:11:27,000 dhe cfare Richard Thaler dhe une 274 00:11:27,000 --> 00:11:29,000 jemi gjithmone te mrekulluar nga -- 275 00:11:29,000 --> 00:11:31,000 marrja e sjelljes financiare, 276 00:11:31,000 --> 00:11:33,000 suke e bere sjelljen financiare mbi steroidet 277 00:11:33,000 --> 00:11:35,000 ose sjelljes financiare 2.0 278 00:11:35,000 --> 00:11:37,000 ose sjelljes financiare ne veprim -- 279 00:11:37,000 --> 00:11:41,000 te ktheje sfidat ne zgjdhje. 280 00:11:41,000 --> 00:11:44,000 Dhe ne erdhem me nje ne zgjidhje jashtezakonisht te thjeshte 281 00:11:44,000 --> 00:11:48,000 e quajtur Kurse Shume, jo sot, Neser. 282 00:11:48,000 --> 00:11:50,000 Si do ti zgjidhe sfidat 283 00:11:50,000 --> 00:11:52,000 qe ne folem rreth? 284 00:11:52,000 --> 00:11:54,000 Nqs mendon rreth problemit 285 00:11:54,000 --> 00:11:56,000 te bananeve kunder cokollatave, 286 00:11:56,000 --> 00:11:59,000 ne mendojme se do shkojne te hame banane javen qe vjen. 287 00:11:59,000 --> 00:12:02,000 Ne mendojme qe do e kursejme para vitin qe vjen. 288 00:12:02,000 --> 00:12:05,000 Kurse me shume Neser 289 00:12:05,000 --> 00:12:07,000 fton puntoret 290 00:12:07,000 --> 00:12:09,000 per te kursyer mndoshta me shume vitin tketer -- 291 00:12:09,000 --> 00:12:11,000 disa here ne te ardhmen 292 00:12:11,000 --> 00:12:13,000 kur ne te imagjinojme vehten tone 293 00:12:13,000 --> 00:12:15,000 duke ngrene banane, 294 00:12:15,000 --> 00:12:17,000 per te qene vullnetare me shume ne komunitet, 295 00:12:17,000 --> 00:12:21,000 duke bere me shume dhe duke bere gjerat e duhura nekete planet. 296 00:12:21,000 --> 00:12:24,000 Tani ne githshtu folem rreth kutise ne listen e gjerave 297 00:12:24,000 --> 00:12:27,000 dhe veshtiresia eshte per te vepruar. 298 00:12:27,000 --> 00:12:29,000 Kurse me shune Neser 299 00:12:29,000 --> 00:12:31,000 beje te lehte. 300 00:12:31,000 --> 00:12:33,000 eshte si nje atuto pilot. 301 00:12:33,000 --> 00:12:37,000 Njehere me thate mua qe donit te kursenit me shume leke ne te ardhmen, 302 00:12:37,000 --> 00:12:39,000 ke te themi ne Janar 303 00:12:39,000 --> 00:12:42,000 ju do te mund te kurseni ne menyre automatike 304 00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:45,000 dhe do t'ju dali nga fatura e planit 401(k) 305 00:12:45,000 --> 00:12:47,000 perpara se ta shifni , perpara se ta prekni ate, 306 00:12:47,000 --> 00:12:49,000 perpara se te vini te c'eshtja 307 00:12:49,000 --> 00:12:52,000 e kenaqsise te menjehershme. 308 00:12:52,000 --> 00:12:55,000 Por cfare do te bejme rreth majuneve 309 00:12:55,000 --> 00:12:57,000 dhe mospelqimit humbes 310 00:12:57,000 --> 00:12:59,000 Janarin qe vjen 311 00:12:59,000 --> 00:13:01,000 njerzit mund te kujtojne qe kane kursyer me shume, 312 00:13:01,000 --> 00:13:04,000 dhe kane harxhuar me pak , dhe kjo eshte e dhimbshme. 313 00:13:05,000 --> 00:13:07,000 E pra, ndoshta nuk duhet te jete Janari. 314 00:13:07,000 --> 00:13:10,000 Ndoshta ne duhet ti bejme njerzit qe te kursejne me shume 315 00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:13,000 kur ata bejne me shume leke. 316 00:13:13,000 --> 00:13:16,000 Menyra , kur ata bejne leke , kur ata marrin nje ngritje rroge, 317 00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:20,000 ata nuk mendojne per te ukin shpenzime e tyre. 318 00:13:20,000 --> 00:13:22,000 Ata marrin shume pak nga kjo rritjene faturen e shtepise 319 00:13:22,000 --> 00:13:24,000 dhe shpenzojne me shume -- 320 00:13:24,000 --> 00:13:26,000 dhe shpenzojne me shume -- 321 00:13:26,000 --> 00:13:28,000 merr shume pak nga kjo ngrtje 322 00:13:28,000 --> 00:13:30,000 dhe e fusrin tek plani 401(K). 323 00:13:30,000 --> 00:13:32,000 Pro ky eshte programi, 324 00:13:32,000 --> 00:13:34,000 pa 325 00:13:34,000 --> 00:13:36,000 por sic do te shihim me vone, 326 00:13:36,000 --> 00:13:38,000 jashtezakonisht i fuqishem. 327 00:13:38,000 --> 00:13:40,000 Se pare ne e implementojme ate, 328 00:13:40,000 --> 00:13:42,000 Richard Thaler dhe Une, 329 00:13:42,000 --> 00:13:45,000 brapa ne 1998. 330 00:13:45,000 --> 00:13:48,000 Nje kompany i mesme ne Midewest, 331 00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:50,000 me puntore me kollare blu 332 00:13:50,000 --> 00:13:52,000 qe perpiqen te paguajne faturat e tyre 333 00:13:52,000 --> 00:13:54,000 duke e perseritur na thonin neve 334 00:13:54,000 --> 00:13:57,000 qe ata nuk mund te kursejne para menjane. 335 00:13:57,000 --> 00:14:00,000 Per te kursyer sot nuk eshte nje opsion. 336 00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:02,000 Ne i propozuam ayre per te kursyer 337 00:14:02,000 --> 00:14:05,000 tre perqind te pike me shume 338 00:14:05,000 --> 00:14:08,000 cdo here qe ata merrin nje ngritje. 339 00:14:08,000 --> 00:14:11,000 Dhe ja ku jane reszultatet. 340 00:14:11,000 --> 00:14:13,000 Ne jemi duke pare ketu tre dhe nje gjysem periudhe, 341 00:14:13,000 --> 00:14:15,000 kater nritje pagesash, 342 00:14:15,000 --> 00:14:17,000 njerzit qe perpiqeshin te kursenin, 343 00:14:17,000 --> 00:14:19,000 po kursenin 3 perqind te faturave te tyre, 344 00:14:19,000 --> 00:14:21,000 tre vjet e gjysem me vone 345 00:14:21,000 --> 00:14:24,000 kursenin pothuajse 4 here me shume , 346 00:14:24,000 --> 00:14:27,000 pothuajse 14 perqind. 347 00:14:27,000 --> 00:14:29,000 Dhe kemi kaepuce dhe bicikleta 348 00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:31,000 dhe disa gjerat ne kete diagram 349 00:14:31,000 --> 00:14:33,000 sepse une nuk dua te tregoj tani vetem shifra 350 00:14:33,000 --> 00:14:35,000 njehapsire. 351 00:14:35,000 --> 00:14:38,000 Une dua, vertete, te mendoj rreth faktit 352 00:14:38,000 --> 00:14:40,000 qe kur kusen 4 here me shume 353 00:14:40,000 --> 00:14:42,000 eshte nje ndyshim i madh 354 00:14:42,000 --> 00:14:44,000 ne menyre e te jetuarit 355 00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:46,000 qe njerzit mund te jene ne gjendje per ti marre. 356 00:14:46,000 --> 00:14:48,000 Eshte e vertet. 357 00:14:48,000 --> 00:14:51,000 Nuk jane vetem numra ne nje cope letre. 358 00:14:51,000 --> 00:14:53,000 Ndersa me kursimet tre perqind, 359 00:14:53,000 --> 00:14:55,000 njerzit mund te kene atlete te 360 00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:57,000 keshtu qe ata mund te ecin, 361 00:14:57,000 --> 00:15:01,000 sepse nuk do te jene ne gjendje per te blere ndonje gje jeter, 362 00:15:01,000 --> 00:15:03,000 kur ata kursejne 14% 363 00:15:03,000 --> 00:15:06,000 ata mund te kene mundesi te kene edhe kepuce kostumi 364 00:15:06,000 --> 00:15:09,000 per te ecur dhe per te rejtuar makinen. 365 00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:11,000 Ky eshte nje ndryshim i madh. 366 00:15:11,000 --> 00:15:16,000 Por tani rreth 60% e kompanive te medhaja 367 00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:19,000 aktualisht kane programe te tilla ne kete vend. 368 00:15:19,000 --> 00:15:22,000 Ka qene pjese e Aktit Brojtes te Pensionit. 369 00:15:22,000 --> 00:15:24,000 Dhe e pa nevojshme per te thene qe Thaleri dhe Une 370 00:15:24,000 --> 00:15:27,000 jane te bekuar per te qene pjese e ketij programi 371 00:15:27,000 --> 00:15:29,000 dhe te bejme ndryshime. 372 00:15:29,000 --> 00:15:31,000 Me lejoni te perfundoj 373 00:15:31,000 --> 00:15:34,000 me dy mesazhe te rendesihme. 374 00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:37,000 Njera eshte veprimet financiare 375 00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:40,000 jane jashtezakonisht te fuqishme. 376 00:15:40,000 --> 00:15:43,000 Ky eshte vetem nje shembull. 377 00:15:43,000 --> 00:15:45,000 Mesazhi dyte 378 00:15:45,000 --> 00:15:47,000 eshte qe ka shume per te bere. 379 00:15:47,000 --> 00:15:50,000 Ky eshte tamam maja e ajbergut. 380 00:15:50,000 --> 00:15:53,000 Nqs ju mendoni rreth njerzit dhe hipotekat 381 00:15:53,000 --> 00:15:56,000 duke blere shtepi e tejpor te mos qene e mundur ti paguash ato, 382 00:15:56,000 --> 00:15:58,000 ne na duhet te mendojme rreth tyre. 383 00:15:58,000 --> 00:16:01,000 Nqs ju jeni duke menduar rreth njerzve qe marrin shume reziqe 384 00:16:01,000 --> 00:16:04,000 dhe qe nuk kuptojne se sa rrezik ata kane marre 385 00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:06,000 ose te duke marre pak, 386 00:16:06,000 --> 00:16:08,000 ne duhet te mendojme rreth kesaj. 387 00:16:08,000 --> 00:16:11,000 Nqs ju mendoni rreth njerzve qe shpenzojne mijra dollare ne vit 388 00:16:11,000 --> 00:16:13,000 ne bileta lloratish, 389 00:16:13,000 --> 00:16:15,000 ne duhet te mendojem rreth kesaj. 390 00:16:15,000 --> 00:16:17,000 Mesatarja aktualisht, 391 00:16:17,000 --> 00:16:19,000 rekordi eshte ne Singapore. 392 00:16:19,000 --> 00:16:21,000 Mesatarja e nje pronari 393 00:16:21,000 --> 00:16:24,000 shpenzon $4,000 nje vite per bitela llotarie. 394 00:16:24,000 --> 00:16:26,000 Ne na duhet shume per te bere, 395 00:16:26,000 --> 00:16:28,000 shume per te zgjidhur, 396 00:16:28,000 --> 00:16:31,000 gjithashtu ne pjesen e pensionit 397 00:16:31,000 --> 00:16:33,000 kur vjen puna se c'fare njerzit bejne me parate e tyre 398 00:16:33,000 --> 00:16:35,000 mbas pensionit. 399 00:16:35,000 --> 00:16:37,000 Nje pyetje e fundit: 400 00:16:37,000 --> 00:16:40,000 Sa nga ju ndiheni te rrehatshem 401 00:16:40,000 --> 00:16:42,000 se qe nga momenti ju planifikoni per planin e pensionit 402 00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:45,000 ju keni nje plan te forte 403 00:16:45,000 --> 00:16:47,000 kur ju do te dilni ne pension, 404 00:16:47,000 --> 00:16:50,000 kur ju do te shkoni per te kerkuar perfitimete Social Security 405 00:16:50,000 --> 00:16:52,000 c'fare lloj jete ju prisni, 406 00:16:52,000 --> 00:16:54,000 sa shume shpenzon cdo muaj 407 00:16:54,000 --> 00:16:56,000 keshtu qe ju nuk do te nglelni pa leke? 408 00:16:56,000 --> 00:16:59,000 Sa nga ju ndiejne qe kane nje plan te forte per te ardhmen 409 00:16:59,000 --> 00:17:03,000 kur vjen puna per vendimet e mbas-pensionit. 410 00:17:04,000 --> 00:17:07,000 Nje, dy, tre, kater. 411 00:17:07,000 --> 00:17:09,000 Me pak se tre perqind 412 00:17:09,000 --> 00:17:11,000 e ketij auditori te sofistikuar. 413 00:17:11,000 --> 00:17:14,000 Veprimet financiare kane nje rruge te gjate. 414 00:17:14,000 --> 00:17:16,000 Ka shume mundesira 415 00:17:16,000 --> 00:17:20,000 per ta bere ate te fuqishem perseri dhe perseri dhe perseri. 416 00:17:20,000 --> 00:17:22,000 Falemderit. 417 00:17:22,000 --> 00:17:24,000 (Duartrokitje )