[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:02.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Critical Thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.75,0:00:05.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Give someone a fish and they'll eat that day
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.28,0:00:08.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Teach them how to catch a fish and they'll never go hungry
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.29,0:00:10.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Proverbs like these remind us how learning skills
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.63,0:00:12.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,helps to move us towards self-reliance
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.08,0:00:15.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is never more true than with critical thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.88,0:00:19.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Memorize the solution to a problem and you may master that particular problem
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.11,0:00:22.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Improve your critical thinking and you'll give yourself the tools
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.06,0:00:27.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to create your own effective solutions to a multitude of unfamiliar problems
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.07,0:00:31.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Critical Thinking refers to a diverse range of intellectual skills and activities
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.06,0:00:34.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,concerned with evaluating information
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.31,0:00:37.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has well has our own thought in a disciplined way
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.13,0:00:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we're willing and able to examining our own capabilities as thinkers
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.58,0:00:42.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,acknowledging problems and weaknesses
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.55,0:00:44.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this can help us refine our thought processes
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.81,0:00:49.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that we learn to think and assess information in a more comprehensive way
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.16,0:00:54.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that increases our ability to identify and reject false ideas and ideologies
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.59,0:00:56.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Critical Thinking isn't just thinking a lot
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.08,0:00:59.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a person may spend a great deal of intellectual energy
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.68,0:01:02.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,defending a flawed position or pursuing a question
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.13,0:01:05.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that actually needs reformulating before progress can begin
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.36,0:01:09.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they never examine possible flaws and biases behind their approach
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.23,0:01:11.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's not thinking critically
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.38,0:01:13.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must want to be better at thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.54,0:01:16.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to pinpoint and minimize any biasing influence on our thought
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.75,0:01:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from culture and upbringing
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.64,0:01:22.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to seek out and be guided by knowledge and evidence that fits with reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.70,0:01:25.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even if it refutes our cherished beliefs
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.18,0:01:26.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,indeed when we think critically
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.70,0:01:29.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,beliefs tend not to be cherished but held on the understanding
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.51,0:01:31.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that if they are shown to be unfounded
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.29,0:01:34.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a change of position is the most appropriate response
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.68,0:01:38.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,critical thinkers cultivate an attitude of curiosity and eagerness
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.33,0:01:40.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to widen their perspective and broaden their knowledge
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.04,0:01:42.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they're willing to do the work required
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.74,0:01:45.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep themselves properly informed about a subject
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.77,0:01:49.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they recognize that explanations must actually explain and be testable
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.78,0:01:51.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be worthy of serious consideration
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.86,0:01:54.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that legitimate theories clearly define the circumstances
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.65,0:01:57.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which they'll concede defeat
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.27,0:01:59.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Critical Thinking embraces scepticism.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.57,0:02:02.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Skepticism doesn't mean an indiscriminate rejection of ideas
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.52,0:02:04.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as some mistakenly believe
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.32,0:02:05.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it refers to doubting
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.80,0:02:09.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and suspending our judgement about claims with which we are presented
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.16,0:02:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that we don't simply accept claims which might be unjustified
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.65,0:02:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but first take the time to understand them
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.100,0:02:19.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,examining the reasoning and possible assumptions and biases behind them
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.73,0:02:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reasoning behind factual claims should be based in sound, consistent logic
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.80,0:02:25.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not on emotions and social pressure
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.96,0:02:27.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the truth value of factual claims
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.96,0:02:30.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,isn't determined by the emotion that accompanies them
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.58,0:02:34.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the fact that they may be believed by certain social groups
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.68,0:02:37.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes people try to persuade us that reason has no value
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.95,0:02:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that an untenable position
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.10,0:02:43.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arguing against reason is cutting off the branch on which you sit
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.58,0:02:48.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using the very thing you're dismissing in order to construct a case against it
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.61,0:02:51.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reason has an intrinsic role \Nin the decisions and judgements we make
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.86,0:02:53.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we negotiate our way through life
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.71,0:02:55.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether they be momentous or trivial.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.92,0:02:58.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If a particular line of reasoning is flawed
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.15,0:02:59.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What will increase our understanding?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.99,0:03:03.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dismissing the value of reason?\NOr looking honestly at the flaws?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.51,0:03:05.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A lack of respect for reason or evidence
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.51,0:03:07.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or any number \Nof obstructive character traits
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.84,0:03:11.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will sabotage one's capacity for critical thought
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.43,0:03:13.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the biggest barriers to critical thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.50,0:03:15.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is an unwillingness to see complex issues
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.52,0:03:18.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in anything other than black and white terms
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.22,0:03:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if one sees only two options when more exist
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.00,0:03:23.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this constitutes a false dichotomy
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.44,0:03:25.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Consciousness is often presented as something that's either
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.70,0:03:30.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an eternal immaterial entity\Nor reducible and identical to brain states
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.63,0:03:33.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when in fact there are various other positions.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.18,0:03:35.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many divide people into those who accept evolution
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.31,0:03:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and those who believe in specific gods
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.66,0:03:40.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when these categories are not mutually exclusive
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.50,0:03:44.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we think in false dichotomies we'll tend to draw false conclusions
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.32,0:03:48.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for example by judging that if option A is false, option B must be true.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.81,0:03:50.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We may also misrepresent others
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.70,0:03:53.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by wrongly assuming that if they don't hold attitude X
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.56,0:03:55.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they must hold attitude Y
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.83,0:03:59.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Black and white thinking often reflects an underlying reluctance or refusal
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.84,0:04:02.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to deal with the uncertainty that results from complexity
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.89,0:04:04.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and an absence of definite answers
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.83,0:04:06.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but leaping to flawed conclusions
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.44,0:04:08.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you can't tolerate the ambiguity of not knowing
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.98,0:04:12.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not about truth or curiosity\Nbut comfort
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.42,0:04:14.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the critical thinker can handle uncertainty
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.88,0:04:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,preferring to be aware of their own areas of ignorance
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.66,0:04:22.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they can wait for valid evidence and evidence-based answers
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.82,0:04:24.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Critical thinking provide each of us
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.70,0:04:27.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the keys for unlocking our own intellectual independence
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.90,0:04:32.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leaving us willing and able to explore and solve problems for ourselves
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.13,0:04:35.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it moves us away from rash conclusions, mystification,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.72,0:04:39.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a reluctance to question received wisdom, authority, and tradition
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.80,0:04:42.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it moves us towards intellectual discipline,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.32,0:04:43.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the clear expression of ideas,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.05,0:04:47.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the acceptance of personal responsibility for our own thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.99,0:04:50.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,communities in which individuals are eager to acquire
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.81,0:04:53.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and apply the best knowledge and reason in all fields
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.72,0:04:56.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and willing to acknowledge and correct flaws in their own thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.75,0:05:00.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are better equipped to create more profoundly effective solutions
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.63,0:05:03.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the challenges we face in living, and living together
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.72,0:05:06.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we teach and encourage critical thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.38,0:05:11.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we empower individual lives and invest in our collective future