[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.06,0:00:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Art...
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.01,0:00:08.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ArtSleuth
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.12,0:00:13.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A child
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.42,0:00:15.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,another,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.58,0:00:17.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a third
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.95,0:00:20.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with their mother in the centre.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.00,0:00:25.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A painting by Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.38,0:00:28.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just another saccharine hymn to family values?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.85,0:00:33.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it isn’t all sweetness and light:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.35,0:00:35.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this may be a palace, but it’s empty and cold
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.78,0:00:40.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a sombre curtain shrouds the cradle
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.50,0:00:47.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are shadows creeping in…
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.55,0:00:55.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This woman is Marie-Antoinette, last queen of France.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.45,0:00:58.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She has seven years to live:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.90,0:01:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the Revolution triumphs, she will die on the guillotine…
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.92,0:01:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She knows already that the people hate her.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.38,0:01:14.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This picture is a last attempt at image-building.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.60,0:01:16.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An attempt which fails!
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.70,0:01:20.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But how about the picture - is it a failure too?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.47,0:01:25.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it mere propaganda - or is it something more?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.25,0:01:31.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Episode 4: Vigee Lebrun \N*Marie-Antoinette and her children{\i1} - {\i0}From PR exercise to guillotine?*
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.13,0:01:35.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Part 1: Painting as PR
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.98,0:01:39.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let there be no mistake,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.50,0:01:42.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this glossy picture is a PR exercise.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.18,0:01:44.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Its aim - to make people forget three damaging visions of the Queen u\Nnwittingly projected in earlier portraits.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.38,0:01:48.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mark I: *Frivolous fashion-freak*.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.30,0:01:52.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The bold, actressy pose,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.80,0:01:56.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with stage curtain and smoke as background,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.68,0:02:01.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the knick-knacks, the frills,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.55,0:02:05.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the outlandish wigs...
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.42,0:02:07.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all gone!
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.05,0:02:11.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With a pedestal-type cushion at her feet,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.88,0:02:13.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Seated on an armchair in austere surroundings,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.60,0:02:15.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a classical column
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.65,0:02:17.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the background,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.08,0:02:19.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Queen again becomes a figure of authority.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.70,0:02:25.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mark II: *Wayward shepherdess.*.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.20,0:02:29.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tired of her royal duties, \NMarie-Antoinette turns her back on the palace
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.08,0:02:31.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and escapes to her toy-like village at the* Trianon.*.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.02,0:02:35.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“Straw hat and plain English muslin
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.52,0:02:37.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- perfect for a pleasant stroll.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.88,0:02:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And just what all my friends are wearimg!”
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.00,0:02:45.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But{\i1}a queen {\i0}who shows herself like this in public is insulting the people
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.15,0:02:47.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- and France!
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.00,0:02:53.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So - back to the splendours of Versailles \Nand Louis XIV’s *Hall of Mirrors.*
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.82,0:02:56.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Crown,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.60,0:02:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fleur de lys
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.82,0:03:00.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- this is indeed a queen of France.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.68,0:03:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Back to the regulation red-velvet dress.**
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.08,0:03:06.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The colour of power
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.15,0:03:08.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a discreet nod
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.18,0:03:09.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to her simple, pious predecessor.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.20,0:03:16.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mark III: *Queen of diamonds. *
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.58,0:03:21.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She loves jewellery, and everyone knows it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.05,0:03:23.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Indeed, one schemer has already used her name
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.65,0:03:25.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to mount a massive scam
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.62,0:03:27.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- the *“Queen’s Necklace Affair”. *.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.55,0:03:31.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Queen’s innocence is proved, but the mud sticks all the same.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.02,0:03:35.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, austerity’s the word
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.38,0:03:37.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- no necklace, no diamonds.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.98,0:03:40.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A clever move.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.45,0:03:44.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The portrait goes on show in Paris.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.60,0:03:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it’s *too late*:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.00,0:03:49.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the people no longer trust the monarchy.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.70,0:03:56.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The state is backing the Americans in their fight for independence,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.40,0:03:58.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Deeply in debt,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.40,0:04:04.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is staring ruin in the face.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.40,0:04:08.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Millions, who have lent it their money, fear the worst.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.70,0:04:11.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Known for her extravagance, the Queen makes an easy scapegoat:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.35,0:04:20.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“Madame Deficit”, “the Austrian woman”, is accused of deliberately seeking to ruin France.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.10,0:04:26.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To win back the people’s favour, she tries a new approach**
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.82,0:04:30.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-and plays her role as mother to the hilt.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.63,0:04:35.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Part 2: *The might of motherhood*
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.42,0:04:37.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A queen as mother
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.40,0:04:39.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- nothing new, surely!
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.50,0:04:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all, giving French kings an heir is what French queens are there for.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.82,0:04:56.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Her predecessor as queen, is a mere *biological bridge *between:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.28,0:04:58.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her husband, the present king,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.40,0:05:00.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and her son, the future one.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.08,0:05:05.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And her mother embodies the same tradition at the Austrian court,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.78,0:05:10.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as she proudly displays the little princes,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.20,0:05:15.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are actually shown *as miniature adults *in their own right.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.78,0:05:25.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there’s something new here:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.12,0:05:27.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for one thing, *the triangular composition *...
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.38,0:05:31.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,… comes from Italian Renaissance paintings of the Holy Family:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.18,0:05:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the* sacred* is back.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.55,0:05:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There’s something else too, something more modern:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.35,0:05:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a real bond of affection between mother and children ...
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.58,0:05:43.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,... who are dressed to suit their needs - not a wig or sword in sight.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.25,0:05:50.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The guiding light here is the philosopher, Jean-Jacques Rousseau,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.55,0:05:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who urges mothers to abandon their loose-living ways
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.52,0:05:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- and play a worthy role in society
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.98,0:05:58.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by raising their children to be enlightened citizens.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.38,0:06:04.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reference point here is Cornelia, the virtuous Roman matron,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.50,0:06:06.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who scorned jewellery,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.07,0:06:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and declared that her children were her greatest treasure.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.92,0:06:21.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which helps to explain why this jewel cabinet
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.20,0:06:23.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stays firmly in the shadows,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.05,0:06:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while the children are presented to the nation.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.52,0:06:30.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Embodying both *sacred *and *civic *ideals of motherhood,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.75,0:06:33.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Queen *scores twice over*!
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.82,0:06:37.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But maternal feeling has its modish side too:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.58,0:06:42.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many ladies of fashion are happy enough to be painted with their children ...
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.40,0:06:45.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,... but leave all the rest to nurses.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.20,0:06:49.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The public suspect that Marie-Antoinette is one of them,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.05,0:06:51.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and focus instead on one melancholy detail:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.52,0:06:52.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the empty cradle!
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.58,0:06:56.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,... intended for the little Princess Sophie,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.58,0:06:58.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who died before the picture was finished.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.90,0:07:01.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Will viewers feel for her mother?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.05,0:07:06.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No: the expression doesn’t fit
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.62,0:07:07.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- she looks unconcerned,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.67,0:07:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and seems to have her mind on something else.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.48,0:07:11.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In short, she is a *bad mother*.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.00,0:07:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An argument taken up seven years later by the judges in the revolutionary tribunal,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.02,0:07:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who even accuse her of incest.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.88,0:07:24.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the Queen’s plan collapses: the picture will not save her.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.52,0:07:27.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what about saving the picture?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.43,0:07:33.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Part 3: *Prosperity - and posterity*
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.32,0:07:36.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, the artist Vigée-Lebrun is working to a royal commission,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.95,0:07:39.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and has to play down the very thing
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.15,0:07:43.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that has made her fame and fortune
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.55,0:07:48.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the all-new package she offers her sitters.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.65,0:07:53.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not content to retouch their physical flaws,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.10,0:07:56.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she even arranges their costumes and hairstyles herself.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.42,0:07:59.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,conventional dress codes are out,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.90,0:08:05.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and an easy elegance lets natural beauty shine through.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.20,0:08:11.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Above all, she encourages them to reveal their *private selves *
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.30,0:08:13.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- to smile,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.15,0:08:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,behave naturally,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.87,0:08:16.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and let their softer side show through.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.02,0:08:20.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so the picture will live for other reasons
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.02,0:08:21.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- reasons which apply in the 19th century
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.30,0:08:25.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Long gone the haughty monarchs of the past -
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.82,0:08:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today’s royal portraits must please the conventional, well-to-do burghers
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.15,0:08:30.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and reflect their moral values
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.20,0:08:36.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The good mother comes to symbolise political rectitude.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.60,0:08:40.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Queen Victoria, the century’s most powerful woman, is a typical example.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.58,0:08:43.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The French, too, choose a nursing mother
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.78,0:08:47.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Marianne - to symbolise the Republic{\i1}*{\i0}*
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.07,0:08:52.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, less than a century after they were painted, Vigée-Lebrun’s versions of Marie-Antoinette
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.58,0:08:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no longer seem at odds with one another.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.78,0:09:02.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Queen is remembered, not only as mother, but also for her special creation
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.20,0:09:05.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- the high life, Trianon-style, blending the refined and bucolic.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.00,0:09:10.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In her day, easy-living luxury was seen as a sign of *depravity *
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.60,0:09:12.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- and as such incompatible with motherhood.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.90,0:09:21.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the 19th century, however, it became part of the duty her successors owed their country’s economy:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.15,0:09:25.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Empress Eugénie, for example - an exemplary mother, seen here with her ladies-in-waiting
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.55,0:09:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- helped to boost French fashion sales world-wide.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.50,0:09:36.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so this portrait marks the start of a new era,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.12,0:09:38.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when public opinion can no longer be ignored
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.12,0:09:40.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by royals - or their painters. **
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.85,0:09:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Next episode: Rembrandt - *The Return of the Prodigal Son*\N*Force of the Dark Side*
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.98,0:09:57.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Find more information on: www.canal-educatif.fr
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.28,0:09:59.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Directed by
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.48,0:10:01.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Produced by:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.65,0:10:03.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Written by
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.85,0:10:06.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This film exists thanks to \Nsponsors and volunteers
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.02,0:10:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to the support of the Palace of Versailles
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.18,0:10:10.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Voicover
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.38,0:10:12.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Editing and motion graphics
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.55,0:10:14.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Extra editing & sound recording
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.75,0:10:16.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Musical selection
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.92,0:10:19.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Musics
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.08,0:10:21.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Photographic credits
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.72,0:10:23.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Special thanks\NEnglish subtitles: Vincent Nash
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.88,0:10:25.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A CED production