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It's little by little, 00:09:48.000 --> 00:09:50.000 early 19th that it has changed: 00:09:50.000 --> 00:09:52.000 they went to call the Government representative 'democracy ',. 00:09:53.000 --> 00:09:55.000 and at the same time it became a positive word. 00:09:56.000 --> 00:09:59.000 But these are elected officials who have left to do this... because they saw much interest. 00:09:59.000 --> 00:10:02.000 and it was already the newspeak. Because when you call... 00:10:03.000 --> 00:10:05.000 In my opinion, the elected representatives feel that... 00:10:07.000 --> 00:10:10.000 ... the people is aware of itself. When we say "the people." 00:10:11.000 --> 00:10:15.000 one feels in; We all, and... by the etymology,. 00:10:16.000 --> 00:10:19.000 even without having a great culture policy, by the simple etymology, 00:10:20.000 --> 00:10:23.000 the word 'democracy', he was a revolutionary force in him. 00:10:24.000 --> 00:10:25.000 And... 00:10:28.000 --> 00:10:31.000 ... people... aspire people, anywhere in the world 00:10:31.000 --> 00:10:35.000 aspire to the kratos demos, we... We want to decide our fate ourselves. 00:10:37.000 --> 00:10:39.000 In my opinion... the elect know well. 00:10:41.000 --> 00:10:43.000 And elected officials are aware also that the Government representative 00:10:43.000 --> 00:10:45.000 It is not democracy. 00:10:46.000 --> 00:10:48.000 So they have, elected officials really have an interest... 00:10:48.000 --> 00:10:50.000 I'm not sure this is aware. 00:10:50.000 --> 00:10:53.000 Because it is possible that this is unconscious, eh. I... not at all... 00:10:54.000 --> 00:10:57.000 Whether a conspiracy or not... I don't care completely. It is equal ca. 00:10:57.000 --> 00:11:01.000 But... the elect let do: they leave call 'democracy ',. 00:11:02.000 --> 00:11:04.000 the regime that gives them their elected all political power. 00:11:06.000 --> 00:11:09.000 It suits them well, since it is they who have the power. They are candidates: 00:11:10.000 --> 00:11:13.000 one day or another they will have. All male parties are like that. 00:11:14.000 --> 00:11:17.000 And thus the word 'democracy', it has been, to have been flying. 00:11:19.000 --> 00:11:22.000 Not from the outset, because I tell you, they called it not "democracy" at the beginning. 00:11:23.000 --> 00:11:26.000 But very quickly, beginning of the 19th, before even that Tocqueville writes 00:11:26.000 --> 00:11:28.000 "Of democracy in America", referring to a plan 00:11:28.000 --> 00:11:31.000 that was not a democracy. As early as before... 00:11:33.000 --> 00:11:35.000 It was 25-35 the two volumes of... 00:11:36.000 --> 00:11:38.000 I believe 25... 00:11:40.000 --> 00:11:44.000 I believe 1825-1835 "of democracy in America. 00:11:44.000 --> 00:11:47.000 And I believe that already before we had traces of the use of the word 'democracy '. 00:11:48.000 --> 00:11:52.000 for the... A Rosanvallon, who wrote a good article on it. He wrote an article in 93 00:11:52.000 --> 00:11:56.000 on this transformation of... of a regime that is not democracy in democracy, 00:11:56.000 --> 00:11:58.000 trying to understand at what point and why it happened. 00:11:58.000 --> 00:12:00.000 Important the work of historian of Rosanvallon. 00:12:01.000 --> 00:12:03.000 Rosanvallon is not a revolutionary, ca this is the least that can be said: 00:12:04.000 --> 00:12:07.000 in its conclusions and in its proposals, it is... 00:12:08.000 --> 00:12:11.000 Me, I find very disappointing ca, because in his work as an historian 00:12:12.000 --> 00:12:14.000 to explain how humans resistant to abuse of power... 00:12:15.000 --> 00:12:18.000 Pretty darn important what Rosanvallon. Rosanvallon says... 00:12:19.000 --> 00:12:23.000 ... Since Athens, point by point, what humans are doing to resist 00:12:23.000 --> 00:12:26.000 the abuse of power. It's pretty darn interesting. It is a mine, 00:12:26.000 --> 00:12:29.000 an ideas mine to resist. 00:12:30.000 --> 00:12:34.000 Rosanvallon is interesting. In its conclusions, it is... 00:12:34.000 --> 00:12:37.000 ... it is not him who will make projects of... an alternative, but... 00:12:38.000 --> 00:12:40.000 Because it is too... 00:12:41.000 --> 00:12:45.000 How to tell? Conservative? It is not a revolutionary. 00:12:46.000 --> 00:12:48.000 But it is a work of historian precious for us. 00:12:49.000 --> 00:12:51.000 Therefore the newspeak, Yes, it has been poking a few important words: 00:12:52.000 --> 00:12:54.000 the word 'democracy', the word "suffrage", yeah.